| Formation | 1972 |
|---|---|
| Type | NGO |
| Headquarters |  Bonn, Germany |
Region served
| Global |
Membership
| 710 members |
Official language
| English |
Main organ
| General Assembly |
| Website | www.ifoam.bio |
The International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM - Organics International) is the worldwide umbrella organization for the organic agriculture movement, which represents close to 800 affiliates in 117 countries.
It declares its mission is to, "Lead, unite and assist the organic movement in its full diversity." and vision is the "worldwide adoption of ecologically, socially and economically sound systems, based on the Principles of Organic Agriculture".
Among its wide range of activities, the federation maintains an organic farming standard, and an organic accreditation and certification service.
History
Rașit Pertev, Secretary of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, was a keynote speaker at the 2014 Organic World Congress in Istanbul, Turkey.
IFOAM - Organics International began in Versailles, France, on
November 5, 1972, during an international congress on organic
agriculture organized by the French farmer organization Nature et Progrès. The late Roland Chevriot, President of Nature et Progrès, took the initiative. There were 5 founding members representing different organizations: Lady Eve Balfour representing the Soil Association
of Great Britain, Kjell Arman representing the Swedish Biodynamic
Association, Pauline Raphaely representing the Soil Association of South
Africa, Jerome Goldstein representing Rodale Press of the United States, and Roland Chevriot representing Nature et Progrès of France.
The aim of the new organization was reflected in the name: International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements.
The founders hoped that the federation would meet what they saw as a
major need: a unified, organized voice for organic food, and the
diffusion and exchange of information on the principles and practices of
organic agriculture across national and linguistic boundaries. In 2015
the name of changed to IFOAM - Organics International.
Structure
Linda Bullard, former President of IFOAM - Organics International), Dr. Vandana Shiva, winner of the Right Livelihood Award, and Magda Aelvoet,
Belgian Minister of State and former Health and Environment Minister,
celebrate the landmark decision of the European Patent Office to uphold a
decision to revoke in its entirety a patent on a fungicidal product
derived from seeds of the Neem, a tree indigenous to the Indian subcontinent.
The General Assembly of IFOAM - Organics International serves as the
foundation of the organization. It elects the World Board of IFOAM -
Organics International for a three-year term.
The World Board is a diverse group of individuals working voluntarily
to lead IFOAM - Organics International. The current World Board was
elected at the General Assembly of IFOAM in Istanbul which took place in
October 2014. The World Board appoints members to official committees,
working groups and task forces based upon the recommendation of the
membership of IFOAM - Organics International. Member organizations also
establish regional groups and sector specific interest groups.
International standing
IFOAM - Organics International actively participates in international agricultural and environmental negotiations with the United Nations
and multilateral institutions to further the interests of the organic
agricultural movement worldwide, and has observer status or is otherwise
accredited by the following international institutions:
- ECOSOC Status with the United Nations General Assembly
- The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
- Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO and World Health Organization)
- United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
- The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- International Labour Organization of the United Nations (ILO)
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
According to the One World Trust's Global Accountability Report 2008
which assessed a range of organisations in areas such as transparency,
stakeholder participation and evaluation capacity, "IFOAM is the highest
scoring international NGO, and at the top of the 30 organisations this
year with a score of 71 percent".
Members
Activities
IFOAM - Organics International and Standards and Certification
The
Organic Guarantee System (OGS) of IFOAM - Organics International is
designed to a) facilitate the development of organic standards and
third-party certification worldwide and to b) provide an international
guarantee of these standards and organic certification.
In recent years the OGS approach of IFOAM - Organics
International underwent some significant changes. With the establishment
and spreading of organic standards and certification around the world a
number of new challenges appeared. Especially smallholder farmers in
developing countries struggle with a) the multitude of standards they
are expected to farm conform with and b) with high certification costs
and considerable administrative expenditures.
IFOAM - Organics International had a breakthrough in the
development and adoption of approaches to address these certification
problems. The organization now directs special focus on the promotion of
two new concepts:
IFOAM Family of Standards
In
the framework of a multi-year collaboration IFOAM - Organics
International developed together with his UN partners: the Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development (UNCTAD), a set of standard requirements that
functions as an international reference to assess the quality and
equivalency of organic standards and regulations. It is known as the
COROS (Common Objectives and Requirements of Organic Standards)
The vision is that the Family of Standards will contain all organic
standards and regulations equivalent to the COROS. Instead of assessing
each standard against each other the Family of Standards can be used as a
tool to simplify equivalence assessment procedures while ensuring a
high level of integrity and transparency.
The Family of Standard Program started in January 2011. One year later
about 50 standards worldwide are approved.
Participatory Guarantee Systems PGS
Participatory
Guarantee Systems are locally focused quality assurance systems. They
certify producers based on active participation of stakeholders and are
built on a foundation of trust, social networks and knowledge exchange” (Definition of IFOAM - Organics International, 2008).
Participatory Guarantee Systems represent an alternative to third
party certification, especially adapted to local markets and short
supply chains. They can also complement third party certification with a
private label that brings additional guarantees and transparency. PGS
enable the direct participation of producers, consumers and other
stakeholders in:
- the choice and definition of the standards
- the development and implementation of certification procedures
- the certification decisions
For many organic farmers, particularly in developing countries and
emerging organic markets, third party certification is often difficult
to access. PGS provides an alternative option that takes some burden
from the farmers and is crucially linked to local products and local
markets.
Accreditation and IOAS
IFOAM
- Organics International also offers organic accreditation to
certification bodies.
Certifiers can have their processes audited against the IFOAM
Accreditation Requirements. IOAS, an IFOAM - Organics International
daughter company set up in 1997, offers the IFOAM Accreditation
(analyses of standards and verification process) or the Global Organic
System Accreditation (analyses of verification process only) and grants
special recognition of credibility.
The document ISO/IEC 17011: ‘Conformity assessment – General
requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment
bodies’ lays down internationally agreed rules for how accreditation
should be performed. Various national bodies verify this accreditation
including the US Department of Commerce National Institute of Standards
& Technology.
IFOAM - Organics International and GMOs
On October 19, 1998, participants at the 12th Scientific Conference of IFOAM - Organics International issued the Mar del Plata Declaration, where more than 600 delegates from over 60 countries voted unanimously to exclude the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food production and agriculture. From that point GMOs have been categorically excluded from organic farming.
Text of the declaration:
- We, the undersigned participants at the 12th Scientific Conference of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) at Mar del Plata, Argentina, call on governments and regulatory agencies throughout the world to immediately ban the use of genetic engineering in agriculture and food production since it involves:
- Unacceptable threats to human health
- Negative and irreversible environmental impacts
- Release of organisms of an un-recallable nature
- Removal of the right of choice, both for farmers and consumers
- Violation of farmers' fundamental property rights and endangerment of their economic independence
- Practices, which are incompatible with the principles of sustainable agriculture as defined by IFOAM
Signed by: Dr. Vandana Shiva
(India), Hervé La Prairie (Outgoing IFOAM - Organics International
president, France), Linda Bullard (Incoming IFOAM - Organics
International president, USA/Belgium), Gunnar Rundgren (Incoming IFOAM -
Organics International vice-president, Sweden), Gerald Hermann (IFOAM -
Organics International Treasurer, Germany), Pipo Lernoud (Conference
Coordinator, Argentina), Guillermo Schnitman (MAPO President, Argentina)
IFOAM - Organics International and training
Organic agriculture can contribute to meaningful socio-economic and ecologically sustainable development,
especially in poorer countries. On one hand, this is due to the
application of organic principles, which means efficient management of
local resources (e.g., local seed varieties, manure, etc.) and therefore
cost-effectiveness. On the other hand, the market for organic products –
at local and international level – has tremendous growth prospects and
offers creative producers and exporters in the South excellent
opportunities to improve their income and living conditions. IFOAM -
Organics International is therefore active to give special support to
the development of the Organic Agriculture Sector in Developing
Countries through several means. Organic Agriculture is a very knowledge
intensive production system. Therefore, capacity building efforts play a
central role in this regard. There are many efforts all around the
world regarding the development of training material and the
organization of training courses related to Organic Agriculture.
Existing knowledge is still scattered and not easy accessible.
Especially in Developing Countries this situation remains an important
constraint for the growth of the organic sector.
