A Medley of Potpourri

A Medley of Potpourri is just what it says; various thoughts, opinions, ruminations, and contemplations on a variety of subjects.

Search This Blog

Saturday, February 4, 2023

Islamic feminism

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_feminism

Islamic feminism is a form of feminism concerned with the role of women in Islam. It aims for the full equality of all Muslims, regardless of gender, in public and private life. Islamic feminists advocate women's rights, gender equality, and social justice grounded in an Islamic framework. Although rooted in Islam, the movement's pioneers have also utilized secular, Western, or otherwise non-Muslim feminist discourses, and have recognized the role of Islamic feminism as part of an integrated global feminist movement.

Advocates of the movement seek to highlight the teachings of equality in the religion, and encourage a questioning of patriarchal interpretations of Islam by reinterpreting the Quran and hadith.

Prominent thinkers include Amina Wadud, Leila Ahmed, Fatema Mernissi, Azizah al-Hibri, Riffat Hassan, Asma Lamrabet, and Asma Barlas.

Definition and background

Islamic feminists

Main article: Hermeneutics of feminism in Islam

Since the mid-nineteenth century, Muslim women and men have been critical of restrictions placed on women regarding education, seclusion, veiling, polygyny, slavery, and concubinage. Modern Muslims have questioned these practices and advocated for reform. There is an ongoing debate about the status of women in Islam, with both conservatives and Islamic feminists using the Quran, the hadith, and prominent women in Muslim history as evidence for the discussion on women's rights, with feminists arguing that early Islam represented more egalitarian ideals, while conservatives argue that gender asymmetries are "divinely ordained".

Islamic feminists are Muslims who interpret the Quran and hadith in an egalitarian manner and advocate for women's rights and equality in the public and personal sphere. Islamic feminists critique patriarchal, sexist and misogynistic understandings of Islam. Islamic feminists understand the Qur'an as advocating gender equality. Islamic feminism is anchored within the discourse of Islam with the Quran as its central text. The historian Margot Badran states that Islamic feminism "derives its understanding and mandate from the Qur’an, seeks rights and justice for women, and for men, in the totality of their existence."

Islamic feminists differ from Islamists. Islamists are advocates of political Islam, the notion that the Quran and hadith mandate an Islamic government. Some Islamists advocate women's rights in the public sphere but do not challenge gender inequality in the personal, private sphere. Su'ad al-Fatih al-Badawi, a Sudanese academic and Islamist politician, has argued that feminism is incompatible with taqwa (the Islamic conception of piety), and thus Islam and feminism are mutually exclusive. Badran argues that Islam and feminism are not mutually exclusive.

Islamic feminists have differed in their understandings and definitions of Islamic feminism. Islamic scholar Asma Barlas shares Badran's views, discussing the difference between secular feminists and Islamic feminism and in countries where Muslims make up 98% of the population, it is not possible to avoid engaging “its basic beliefs.”

Elizabeth Segran states that just talking about human rights mentioned in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) does not create immediate resonance with ordinary Muslim women; since Islam is the source of their values, integrating human rights frameworks with Islam makes sense.

South African Muslim scholar Fatima Seedat agrees with both Barlas and Badran about the importance of feminism in the Islamic world. However, she debates the term “Islamic Feminism” is unnecessary since feminism is a “social practice, not merely of personal identity.” Seedat believes the convergence of both Islamic and feminism creates more conflict and opens more doors for “Islamists” to interpret or misinterpret the Qur'an to suit their political needs. She believes it is important to speak about and illustrate how feminism has existed in the lines of the Qur'an. By separating the two and giving their own space, it will be more inclusive to everyone (men, women, Muslims and non-Muslims). In the same article, “Feminism, and Islamic Feminism: Between Inadequacy and Inevitability,” Seedat explains that the existence of such a term separates Muslims and isolates them from the rest of the world and the universal feminist movement. She states in her essay the importance of sharing with the rest of the world what Islam has to offer feminism, and to show the true image of Islam by not referring to themselves as Islamic feminists.

Some Muslim women writers and activists have eschewed identifying themselves as Islamic feminists out of a belief Western feminism is exclusionary to Muslim women and women of color more generally. Azizah al-Hibri, a Lebanese-American Muslim scholar, has identified herself as a "womanist".

Context in the Quran

Islamic feminists understand the Quran as advocating gender equality. In the view of feminist legal scholar Azizah al-Hibri, the Quran teaches all human beings are creations of God from one soul, who were divided into nations and tribes to know each other, and the most honored individuals are those who are the most pious. Therefore, al-Hibri writes that the Quran recognizes differences between human beings while asserting their natural equality and no man is recognized as superior by his gender alone.

Early Muslims and modern Islamic Feminists

Modern Muslim feminists and progressive Muslims have taken early figures in Islamic history as role models including Khadijah, Aisha, Hafsa, Umm Salama, Fatima, and Zaynab bint Ali. Zainab Alwani cites Aisha as an empowered and intelligent woman who repeatedly confronted the misogyny of other sahaba. Moroccan feminist Asma Lamrabet has also argued Aisha was an empowered female intellectual against what Lamrabet sees as a misogynistic intellectual history. Lamrabet has also praised Umm Salama as a feminist figure.

Iranian revolutionary thinker Ali Shariati wrote Fatemeh is Fatemeh, a biography of Muhammad's daughter Fatima, that holds her as a role model for women. Ednan Aslan suggests Fatima is an example of female empowerment in early Islam, as she was not afraid to oppose Abu Bakr and demand her inheritance.

Some Muslim feminists have asserted Muhammad himself was a feminist.

History

In the past 150 years or so, many scholarly interpretations have developed from within the Islamic tradition itself that seek to redress social wrongs perpetrated against Muslim women. For example, new Islamic jurisprudence is emerging that seeks to forbid practices like female genital mutilation, equalize family law, support women as clergy and in administrative positions in mosques, and supports equal opportunities for Muslim women to become judges in civil as well as religious institutions. Modern feminist Islamic scholars perceive their work as restoration of rights provided by God and the Prophet but denied by society.

Nineteenth century

The modern movement of Islamic feminism began in the nineteenth century.

Aisha Taymur (1840 - 1902) was a prominent writer and early activist for women's rights in Egypt. Taymur's writings criticized male domination over women and celebrated women's intellect and courage.

Another early Muslim feminist activist and writer was Zaynab Fawwaz (1860 - 1914). Fawwaz argued for women's social and intellectual quality with men and wrote a book of biographies of famous women.

An early feminist activist in the Bengal region was Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain, known as Begum Rokeya (1880 - 1932). Hossain was an activist for women's education and writer. She criticized patriarchy in South Asian societies and the practice of purdah, the veiling and segregation of women.

Egyptian jurist Qasim Amin, the author of the 1899 pioneering book Women's Liberation (Tahrir al-Mar'a), is often described as the father of the Egyptian feminist movement. In his work, Amin criticized some of the practices prevalent in his society at the time, such as polygyny, the veil, and purdah, i.e. sex segregation in Islam. He condemned them as un-Islamic and contradictory to the true spirit of Islam. His work had an enormous influence on women's political movements throughout the Islamic and Arab world, and is read and cited today.

Despite Qasim Amin's effects on modern-day Islamic feminist movements, present-day scholar Leila Ahmed considers his works both androcentric and colonialist. Muhammad 'Abdu, an Egyptian nationalist and proponent of Islamic modernism, could easily have written the chapters of his work that show honest considerations of the negative effects of the veil on women. Amin even posed many male-centered misconceptions about women, such as their inability to experience love, that women needlessly talk about their husbands outside their presence, and that Muslim marriage is based on ignorance and sensuality, of which women were the chief source.

Lesser known, however, are the women who preceded Amin in their feminist critique of their societies. The women's press in Egypt started voicing such concerns since its very first issues in 1892. Egyptian, Turkish, Iranian, Syrian and Lebanese women and men had been reading European feminist magazines even a decade earlier, and discussed their relevance to the Middle East in the general press.

Twentieth century

Aisha Abd al-Rahman, writing under her pen name Bint al-Shati ("Daughter of the Riverbank"), was one of the first to undertake Quranic exegesis, and though she did not consider herself to be a feminist, her works reflect feminist themes. She began producing her popular books in 1959, the same year that Naguib Mahfouz published his allegorical and feminist version of the life of Muhammad. She wrote biographies of early women in Islam, including the mother, wives and daughters of the Prophet Muhammad, as well as literary criticism.

Moroccan writer and sociologist, Fatema Mernissi was a prominent Muslim feminist thinker. Her book Beyond the Veil explores the oppression of women in Islamic societies and sexual ideology and gender identity through the perspective of Moroccan society and culture. Mernissi argued in her book The Veil and the Male Elite that the suppression of women's rights in Islamic societies is the result of political motivation and its consequent manipulative interpretation of hadith, which runs counter to the egalitarian Islamic community of men and women envisioned by Muhammad. Mernissi argued that the ideal Muslim woman being "silent and obedient" has nothing to do with the message of Islam. In her view, conservative Muslim men manipulated the Quran to preserve their patriarchal system in order to prevent women from sexual liberation; thus enforcing justification of strict veiling and limiting their rights.

A later 20th-century Islamic feminist is amina wadud. Wadud was born into an African-American family and converted to Islam. In 1992, wadud published Quran and Woman, a work that critiqued patriarchal interpretations of the Quran.

Some strains of modern Islamic feminism have opted to expunge hadith from their ideology altogether in favor of a movement focusing only on Qur'anic principles. Riffat Hassan has advocated one such movement, articulating a theology wherein what are deemed to be universal rights for humanity outlined in the Qur'an are prioritized over contextual laws and regulations. She has additionally claimed that the Qur'an, taken alone as scripture, does not present females either as a creation preceded by the male or as the instigator of the "Fall of Man". This theological movement has been met with criticism from other Muslim feminists such as Kecia Ali, who has criticized its selective nature for ignoring elements within the Muslim tradition that could prove helpful in establishing more egalitarian norms in Islamic society.

Twenty-first century

Islamic feminist scholarship and activism has continued into the 21st century.

In 2015, a group of Muslim activists, politicians, and writers issued a Declaration of Reform which, among other things, supports women's rights and states in part, "We support equal rights for women, including equal rights to inheritance, witness, work, mobility, personal law, education, and employment. Men and women have equal rights in mosques, boards, leadership and all spheres of society. We reject sexism and misogyny." The Declaration also announced the founding of the Muslim Reform Movement organization to work against the beliefs of Middle Eastern terror groups. Asra Nomani and others placed the Declaration on the door of the Islamic Center of Washington.

Feminism in the Middle East is over a century old, and having been impacted directly by the war on terror in Afghanistan, continues to grow and fight for women's rights and equality in all conversations of power and everyday life.

Muslim feminist writers today include Aysha Hidayatollah, Kecia Ali, Asma Lamrabet, Olfa Yousef, and Mohja Kahf.

Muslim feminist groups and initiatives

Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan

Main articles: Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan and Meena Keshwar Kamal
 
Meena Keshwar Kamal (1956 - 1987), founder of RAWA

The Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA) is a women's organization based in Quetta, Pakistan, that promotes women's rights and secular democracy. The organization aims to involve women of Afghanistan in both political and social activities aimed at acquiring their human rights and continuing the struggle against the government of Afghanistan based on democratic and secular - not fundamentalist - principles, in which women can participate fully.

The organization was founded in 1977 by a group of intellectuals led by Meena (she did not use a last name). They founded the organization to promote equality and education for women; it continues to "give voice to the deprived and silenced women of Afghanistan". Before 1978, RAWA focused mainly on women's rights and democracy, but after the coup of 1978, directed by Moscow, and the 1979 Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan, "Rawa became directly involved in the war of resistance, advocating democracy and secularism from the outset". In 1979 RAWA campaigned against the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, and organized meetings in schools to mobilize support against it, and in 1981, launched a bilingual feminist magazine, Payam-e-Zan (Women's Message). RAWA also founded Watan Schools to aid refugee children and their mothers, offering both hospitalization and the teaching of practical skills.

Sisters in Islam

Zainah Anwar

Sisters in Islam (SIS) is a Malaysian civil society organization committed to promoting the rights of women within the frameworks of Islam and universal human rights. SIS work focuses on challenging laws and policies made in the name of Islam that discriminate against women. As such it tackles issues covered under Malaysia's Islamic family and syariah laws, such as polygamy, child marriage, moral policing, Islamic legal theory and jurisprudence, the hijab and modesty, violence against women and hudud. Their mission is to promote the principles of gender equality, justice, freedom, and dignity of Islam and empower women to be advocates for change. They seek to promote a framework of women's rights in Islam which take into consideration women's experiences and realities; they want to eliminate the injustice and discrimination that women may face by changing mindsets that may hold women to be inferior to men; and they want to increase the public knowledge and reform laws and policies within the framework of justice and equality in Islam. Prominent members are Zainah Anwar and co-founder amina wadud.

Musawah

In 2009, twelve women from the Arab world formed the global movement Musawah, whose name means "equality" in Arabic. Musawah advocates for feminist interpretations of Islamic texts and calls on nations to abide by international human rights standards such as those promulgated in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. Musawah's approach is modeled after that of Sisters in Islam. Secular feminists have criticized Musawah, arguing that Islam is shaky ground on which to build a feminist movement, given that interpretation of Islamic sources is subjective.

Sister-hood

Sister-hood is an international platform for the voices of women of Muslim heritage founded in 2007 by Norwegian film-maker and human rights activist Deeyah Khan through her media and arts production company Fuuse.

Sister-hood was relaunched in 2016 as a global online magazine and live events platform promoting the voices of women of Muslim heritage. Sister-hood magazine ambassadors include Farida Shaheed from Pakistan, Egyptian Mona Eltahawy, Palestinian Rula Jebreal, Leyla Hussein of Somali heritage and Algerian Marieme Helie Lucas.

Women Living Under Muslim Laws (WLUML)

Women Living Under Muslim Laws is an international solidarity network established in 1984 that advocates for both Muslim and non-Muslim women who live in states governed by Islamic law. The group does research on Islamic law and women and advocacy work.

Muslim Women's Quest for Equality

Muslim Women's Quest for Equality is an Indian activist group that petitioned the Supreme Court of India against the practices of talaq-e-bidat (triple talaq), nikah halala and polygyny under the Muslim personal laws as being illegal and unconstitutional in September 2016.

Ni Putes Ni Soumises

Ni Putes Ni Soumises, whose name translates to Neither Whores nor Submissives, is a French feminist organization founded by Samira Bellil and other young women of African backgrounds, to address the sexual and physical violence that women in Muslim majority neighborhoods in France faced.

International conferences on Islamic feminism

Few international conferences on Islamic feminism have taken place. One international congress on Islamic feminism was held in Barcelona, Spain in 2008. Musawah ('equality'; in Arabic: مساواة) is a global movement for equality and justice in the Muslim family, led by feminists since 2009, "seeking to reclaim Islam and the Koran for themselves".

Musawah movement operates on the principle that patriarchy within Muslim countries is a result of the way male interpreters have read Islamic texts, and that feminists can progressively interpret the Quran to achieve the goal of international human rights standards. The first female Muslim 'ulema congress was held in Indonesia in 2017. The women ulema congress issued a fatwa to lift the minimum age for girls to marry to 18. Malaysian feminist Zainah Anwar informed the congress that women have an equal right to define Islam and that women need to fight against male domination in Quranic interpretations. During the congress, Nur Rofiah, a professor in Quranic studies, stated that, Islam asks every human being to elevate the status of humankind, and polygamy does not, and that polygamy is not the teaching of Islam

Areas of campaign

Women in politics

Muslim majority countries have produced several female heads of state, prime ministers, and state secretaries such as Lala Shovkat of Azerbaijan, Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan, Mame Madior Boye of Senegal, Tansu Çiller of Turkey, Kaqusha Jashari of Kosovo, and Megawati Sukarnoputri of Indonesia. In Bangladesh, Khaleda Zia was elected the country's first female prime minister in 1991, and served as prime minister until 2009, when she was replaced by Sheikh Hasina, who maintains the prime minister's office at present making Bangladesh the country with the longest continuous female premiership.

Personal law

See also: Islamic marital jurisprudence
 
Manal al-Sharif speaking at the Oslo Freedom Forum in 2012 about the #Women2Drive campaign she co-founded.

One of such controversial interpretations involve passages in the Quran that discuss the idea of a man's religious obligation to support women. Some scholars, such as anthropologist Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban in her work on Arab-Muslim women activists' engagement in secular religious movements, argue that this assertion of a religious obligation "has traditionally been used as a rationale for the social practice of male authority." In some countries the legislative and administrative application of male authority is used to justify denying women access to the public sphere through the "denial of permission to travel or work outside the home, or even drive a car." On Sept. 26, 2017 Saudi Arabia announced it would end its longstanding policy banning women from driving in June 2018. Various female activists had protested the ban, among them Saudi women's rights activists Manal al-Sharif, by posting videos of them driving on social media platforms. One of the women's rights activists from Saudi Arabia, Loujain al-Hathloul had been imprisoned for more than 3 years and was sentenced on 28 December 2020 to a total of 5 years and 8 months in prison for allegedly conspiring against the kingdom in alignment with foreign nations following her protest against the ban on driving for women in Saudi. Two years and ten months of her prison sentence was reduced leaving only 3 months of time left to serve. However, the charges against her were false and the authorities denied arresting her for protesting against driving ban on women in Saudi Arabia. The prosecutors who were charged with torturing her during detention; sexually and otherwise, were cleared of charges by the government stating lack of evidence.

Islamic feminists have objected to the MPL legislation in many of these countries, arguing that these pieces of legislation discriminate against women. Some Islamic feminists have taken the attitude that a reformed MPL which is based on the Quran and sunnah, which includes substantial input from Muslim women, and which does not discriminate against women is possible. Such Islamic feminists have been working on developing women-friendly forms of MPL. (See, for example, the Canadian Council of Muslim Women for argument based on the Qur'an and not on what they call medieval male consensus.) Other Islamic feminists, particularly some in Muslim minority contexts which are democratic states, argue that MPL should not be reformed but should be rejected and that Muslim women should seek redress, instead, from the civil laws of those states.

Islamic feminists have been active in advocating for women's rights in the Islamic world. In 2012, Jordanian women protested against laws that allowed the dropping of charges if a rapist marries his victim, Tunisian women marched for equality for women in a new constitution, Saudi women protested against the ban against car driving, and Sudanese women created a silent wall of protest demanding freedom for arrested women.

Dress code

Main article: Islamic feminist views on dress codes
See also: Haya (Islam), Islam and clothing, Awrah, Purdah, and Hijab by country

Another issue that concerns Muslim women is dress code. Islam requires both men and women to dress modestly; this concept is known as hijab and covers a wide interpretation of behavior and garments.

Despite the controversy over hijab in sections of Western society, the veil is not controversial in mainstream Islamic feminist discourse, except in those situations where it is the result of social pressure or coercion. There is in fact strong support from most Muslim feminists in favor of the veil. Many Muslim men and women now view the veil as a symbol of Islamic freedom. While there are some Islamic scholars who interpret Islamic scripture as not mandating hijab, many Islamic feminists still observe hijab as an act of religious piety or sometimes as a way of symbolically rejecting Western culture by making a display of their Muslim identity. Such sentiment was expressed, among others, by Muslim U.S. Congresswoman Ilhan Omar who stated in an interview with Vogue, “To me, the hijab means power, liberation, beauty, and resistance."

A small fringe of Islamic feminists, including Fadela Amara and Hedi Mhenni, oppose hijab and even support legal bans on the garment for various reasons. Amara explained her support for France's ban of the garment in public buildings: "The veil is the visible symbol of the subjugation of women, and therefore has no place in the mixed, secular spaces of France's public school system." When some feminists began defending the headscarf on the grounds of "tradition", Amara said: "It's not tradition, it's archaic! French feminists are totally contradictory. When Algerian women fought against wearing the headscarf in Algeria, French feminists supported them. But when it's some young girl in a French suburb school, they don't. They define liberty and equality according to what colour your skin is. It's nothing more than neocolonialism." Mhenni also expressed support for Tunisia's ban on the veil: "If today we accept the headscarf, tomorrow we'll accept that women's rights to work and vote and receive an education be banned and they'll be seen as just a tool for reproduction and housework."

Masih Alinejad began the movement My Stealthy Freedom in protest of forced hijab policies in Iran. The movement began as a Facebook page where women uploaded pictures of themselves defying Iran's mandatory hijab laws. Mahmoud Arghavan, however, noted that Islamic feminists have criticized My Stealthy Freedom as supporting Islamophobia, though Alinejad has countered this criticism.

Sihem Habchi, director of Ni Putes Ni Soumises, expressed support for France's ban on the burqa in public places, stating that the ban was a matter of 'democratic principle' and protecting French women from the 'obscurantist, fascist, right-wing movement' that she claims the burqa represents.

Equality in the mosque

See also: Islamic Bill of Rights for Women in the Mosque
 
Woman sitting at the threshold of the main building of Hazratbal shrine in Srinagar as the sign on the gate reads "Ladies Are Not Allowed"

A survey by the Council on American Islamic Relations showed that two out of three mosques in 2000 required women to pray in a separate area, up from one out of two in 1994. Islamic feminists have begun to protest this, advocating for women to be allowed to pray beside men without a partition, as they do in Mecca. In 2003, Asra Nomani challenged the rules at her mosque in Morgantown, West Virginia, that required women to enter through a back door and pray in a secluded balcony. She argued that Muhammad didn't put women behind partitions, and that barriers preventing women from praying equally with men are just sexist man-made rules. The men at her mosque put her on trial to be banished.

In 2004, some American mosques had constitutions prohibiting women from voting in board elections. In 2005, following public agitation on the issue, Muslim organizations that included the CAIR and the Islamic Society of North America issued a report on making mosques "women-friendly", to assert women's rights in mosques, and to include women's right to pray in the main hall without a partition.

In 2010, American Muslim Fatima Thompson and a few others organized and participated in a "pray-in" at the Islamic Center of Washington in D.C. Police were summoned and threatened to arrest the women when they refused to leave the main prayer hall. The women continued their protest against being corralled in what they referred to as the "penalty box" (a prayer space reserved for only women). Thompson called the penalty box "an overheated, dark back room." A second protest also staged by the same group on the eve of International Women's Day in 2010 resulted in calls to the police and threats of arrest again. However, the women were not arrested on either occasion. In May 2010, five women prayed with men at the Dar al-Hijrah mosque, one of the Washington region's largest Islamic centers. After the prayers, a member of the mosque called Fairfax police who asked the women to leave. However, later in 2010, it was decided that D.C. police would no longer intervene in such protests.

In 2015 a group of Muslim activists, politicians, and writers issued a Declaration of Reform which states in part, "Men and women have equal rights in mosques, boards, leadership and all spheres of society. We reject sexism and misogyny." That same year Asra Nomani and others placed the Declaration on the door of the Islamic Center of Washington.

Equality in leading prayer

Main article: Women as imams

In 'A Survey and Analysis of Legal Arguments on Woman-Led Prayer in Islam named "I am one of the People"' Ahmed Elewa states that not because of external expectation but in due course with enlightened awareness Muslim communities should adopt women lead mixed gender prayers. In the same research paper Silvers emphasizes on example of Umm Salama who insisted that women are 'one of the people' and suggests women to assert their inclusion with equal rights. Elewa and Silvers research calls contemporary prohibitions of women lead prayer frustrating.

According to currently existing traditional schools of Islam, a woman cannot lead a mixed gender congregation in salat (prayer). Traditionalists like Muzammil Siddiqi states that women are not supposed to lead prayer because "It is not permissible to introduce any new style or liturgy in Salat." In other words, there must be no deviation from the tradition of men teaching. Some schools make exceptions for Tarawih (optional Ramadan prayers) or for a congregation consisting only of close relatives. Certain medieval scholars—including Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923), Abu Thawr (764–854), Isma'il Ibn Yahya al-Muzani (791–878), and Ibn Arabi (1165–1240) considered the practice permissible at least for optional (nafl) prayers; however, their views are not accepted by any major surviving group. Islamic feminists have begun to protest this.

On March 18, 2005, Amina Wadud led a mixed-gender congregational Friday prayer in New York City. It sparked a controversy within the Muslim community because the imam was a woman, Wadud, who also delivered the khutbah. Moreover, the congregation she addressed was not separated by gender. This event that departed from the established ritual practice became an embodied performance of gender justice in the eyes of its organizers and participants. The event was widely publicized in the global media and caused an equally global debate among Muslims. However, many Muslims, including women, remain in disagreement with the idea of a woman as imam. Muzammil Siddiqi, chairman of the Fiqh Council of North America, argued that prayer leadership should remain restricted to men. He based his argument on the longstanding practice and thus community consensus and emphasized the danger of women distracting men during prayers.

The events that occurred in regards to equality in the mosque and women leading prayers, show the enmity Muslim feminists may receive when voicing opposition toward sexism and establishing efforts to combat it. Those who criticize Muslim feminists state that those who question the faith's views on gender segregation, or who attempt to make changes, are overstepping their boundaries and are acting offensively. On the other hand, people have stated that Islam does not advocate gender segregation. Britain's influential Sunni imam, Ahtsham Ali, has stated, "gender segregation has no basis in Islamic law" nor is it justified in the Quran. Elewa and Silvers deduce that with lack of any explicit evidence to contrary one ought to assume, women lead prayer adds nothing new to God established worship but just a default state of command expects men and women both to lead the prayer.

Internet & social media impact

Internet & social media debates opened up easy access to religious texts for Muslim women which helps them understand scriptural backing for the gender equality rights they which they fight for.

Criticism

"Islamic feminism" as a concept has been heavily scrutinized and criticized by more secular-minded feminists, including Muslim ones. Iranian feminist Mahnaz Afkhami, for example, stated the following about secular Muslim feminists like herself:

"Our difference with Islamic feminists is that we don’t try to fit feminism in the Qur’an. We say that women have certain inalienable rights. The epistemology of Islam is contrary to women’s right…I call myself a Muslim and a feminist. I am not an Islamic feminist – that’s a contradiction in terms.”

Hakimeh Entesari, an Iranian academic, also said, "The thoughts and writings of these people [Islamic feminists] suffer from a fundamental problem, and that is the absolute detachment of this movement from the cultural and indigenous realities of Islamic societies and countries..." She also believes that the use of the term "Islamic feminism" is wrong and it should be "Muslim feminists".

Maria Massi Dakake, an American Muslim academic, criticized Asma Barlas' assertion the Quran is inherently anti-patriarchal and sought to undo patriarchal social structures. Dakake writes, "She [Asma Barlas] makes a number of important and substantial points about the limitations to traditional "patriarchal" rights of fathers and husbands in the Quran. However, the conclusion that the Qur'an is "anti-patriarchal" as such is hard to reconcile with the Quran's fairly explicit endorsement of male leadership - even if not absolute authority - over the marital unit in 4:34."

Ibtissam Bouachrine, a professor at Smith College, has critiqued the writings of Fatema Mernissi. According to Bouachrine, Mernissi, in her book, The Veil and the Male Elite, critiques male interpretations of Quran 33:53, but not of Quran 24:31, "which evokes the veil in the context of the feminine body in public space." She also criticizes how Mernissi focuses on the hadith over the Quran because it is easier to criticize the hadith than the Quran which is seen as the word of God, but the hadith are the words of human beings. Bouachrine also critiques how Mernissi presents Muhammad as a "revolutionary heretic who sides with women against the Arabian male elite and their patriarchal values" but does not critique Muhammad's marriage to nine-year-old Aisha. Bouachrine also states that Mernissi does not mention that Zaynab was the former wife of Muhammad's adopted son.

Bouachrine also critiques Amina Wadud’s interpretation of 4:34 in Quran and Woman. According to Bouachrine, although 4:34 seems to call for men to physically discipline their wives, "Wadud argues that the Qur’an would not encourage violence against women and therefore the obedience required of women is to God not to the husband." Wadud also proposes that daraba means to set an example instead of to use physical force. According to Bouachrine, these reinterpretations do not help women in the Muslim world suffering from domestic violence.

On a slightly different note, Ahmadian, head of Isfahan Institute of Theology stated:

"Some have created a fake title which is called "Islamic Feminism" in order to solve the conflict between Islam and feminism, that is considered to be a paradoxical combination and its principles are not consistent with the principles of Islam religion. Based on Islamic teachings, there are differences between the roles and positions of men/women, and this distinction doesn't lower the dignity of women in any way.

While Seyed Hussein Ishaghi, Ph.D. in Islamic Theology, had the following to say:

"It is more appropriate to call Islamic feminism a woman-oriented interpretation of Islam religion... A group in the interaction of Islamic and Western culture faced an identity crisis; and on the other hand, in this confrontation, a group with its heart attached to Western culture denied religious teachings. That group promoted materialistic viewpoints by considering the mentioned beliefs as class or superstitious."

at February 04, 2023
Email ThisBlogThis!Share to XShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest

Islamic culture

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_culture 

Islamic culture and Muslim culture refer to cultural practices which are common to historically Islamic people. The early forms of Muslim culture, from the Rashidun Caliphate to the early Umayyad period and the early Abbasid period, were predominantly Arab, Byzantine, Persian and Levantine. With the rapid expansion of the Islamic empires, Muslim culture has influenced and assimilated much from the Persian, Egyptian, North Caucasian, Turkic, Mongol, Indian, Bangladeshi, Pakistani, Malay, Somali, Berber, Indonesian, and Moro cultures.

Islamic culture generally includes all of the practices which have developed around the religion of Islam. There are variations in the application of Islamic beliefs in different cultures and traditions.

Language and literature

Main article: Islamic literature
See also: Islamic advice literature

Arabic

Main article: Arabic literature

Arabic literature (Arabic: الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: al-Adab al-'Arabī) is the writing, both prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language. The Arabic word used for literature is "Adab", which is derived from a meaning of etiquette, and which implies politeness, culture and enrichment.

Arabic literature emerged in the 5th century with only fragments of the written language appearing before then. The Qur'an,(the holy book of Islam) widely regarded by people as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language, would have the greatest lasting effect on Arabic culture and its literature. Arabic literature flourished during the Islamic Golden Age, but has remained vibrant to the present day, with poets and prose-writers across the Arab world, as well as rest of the world, achieving increasing success.

Persian

Main article: Persian literature

Persian literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and it is one of the world's oldest literatures. It spans over two-and-a-half millennia. Its sources have been within Greater Iran including present-day Iran, Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan, the Caucasus, and Turkey, regions of Central Asia (such as Tajikistan) and South Asia where the Persian language has historically been either the native or official language. For instance, Rumi, one of best-loved Persian poets born in Balkh (in what is now the modern-day Afghanistan) or Vakhsh (in what is now the modern-day Tajikistan), wrote in Persian and lived in Konya, then the capital of the Seljuks in Anatolia. The Ghaznavids conquered large territories in Central and South Asia and adopted Persian as their court language. There is thus Persian literature from Iran, Mesopotamia, Azerbaijan, the wider Caucasus, Turkey, western parts of Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Tajikistan and other parts of Central Asia. Not all Persian literature is written in Persian, as some consider works written by ethnic Persians in other languages, such as Greek and Arabic, to be included. At the same time, not all literature written in Persian is written by ethnic Persians or Iranians, as Turkic, Caucasian, and Indic poets and writers have also used the Persian language in the environment of Persianate cultures.

Described as one of the great literatures of humanity, including Goethe's assessment of it as one of the four main bodies of world literature, Persian literature has its roots in surviving works of Middle Persian and Old Persian, the latter of which date back as far as 522 BCE, the date of the earliest surviving Achaemenid inscription, the Behistun Inscription. The bulk of surviving Persian literature, however, comes from the times following the Arab conquest of Persia c. 650 CE. After the Abbasids came to power (750 CE), the Iranians became the scribes and bureaucrats of the Arab empire and, increasingly, also its writers and poets. The New Persian language literature arose and flourished in Khorasan and Transoxiana because of political reasons, early Iranian dynasties such as the Tahirids and Samanids being based in Khorasan.

Persian poets such as Ferdowsi, Sa'di, Hafiz, Attar, Nezami, Rumi and Omar Khayyam are also known in the West and have influenced the literature of many countries.

Indic

Main article: Persian language in the Indian subcontinent

For a thousand years, since the invasion of India by the Ghaznavids, the Persian-Islamic culture of the eastern half of the Islamic world started to influence the Indian culture. Persian was the official language of most Indian empires such as the Ghaznavids, the Delhi Sultanate, the Bengal Sultanate, the Deccan Sultanates (such as the Qutb Shahi dynasty) and the Mughal Empire. Persian artistic forms in literature and poetry such as ghazals have come to significantly affect Urdu and other Indian literature. More Persian literature was produced in India than in the Iranian world. As late as the 20th century, Allama Iqbal chose Persian for some of his major poetic works. The first Persian language newspaper was also published in India, given that printing machines were first implemented in India.

In Bengal, Muslim writers were exploring different themes through Islamic narratives and epics such as culture, cosmology, love and history. Starting from Shah Muhammad Saghir in the 14th century, Muslim writers began to enrich the Bengali language for over 600 years, often being actively supported and promoted by the rulers themselves. The early 20th century brought a new era for Bengali Islamic literature, with its most notable poet Kazi Nazrul Islam espousing intense rebellion against colonialism and oppression, in addition to writing a highly acclaimed collection of Bengali ghazals. Sultana's Dream by Begum Rokeya, an Islamic feminist, is one earliest works of feminist science fiction.

Turkish

Main article: Turkish literature

From the 11th century, there was a growing body of Islamic literature in the Turkic languages. However, for centuries to come the official language in Turkish-speaking areas would remain Persian. In Anatolia, with the advent of the Seljuks, the practise and usage of Persian in the region would be strongly revived. A branch of the Seljuks, the Sultanate of Rum, took Persian language, art and letters to Anatolia. They adopted Persian language as the official language of the empire. The Ottomans, which can "roughly" be seen as their eventual successors, took this tradition over. Persian was the official court language of the empire, and for some time, the official language of the empire, though the lingua franca amongst common people from the 15th/16th century would become Turkish as well as having laid an active "foundation" for the Turkic language as early as the 4th century (see Turkification). After a period of several centuries, Ottoman Turkish had developed towards a fully accepted language of literature, which was even able to satisfy the demands of a scientific presentation. However, the number of Persian and Arabic loanwords contained in those works increased at times up to 88%. However, Turkish was proclaimed the official language of the Karamanids in the 17th century, though it didn't manage to become the official language in a wider area or larger empire until the advent of the Ottomans. With the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turkish grew in importance in both poetry and prose becoming, by the beginning of the 18th century, the official language of the Empire. Unlike India, where Persian remained the official and principal literary language of both Muslim and Hindu states until the 19th century.

Art

Main article: Islamic art
 
"Wayang Kulit", the Indonesian art of shadow puppetry, reflects a melding of indigenous and Islamic sensibilities.
 
"Advice of the Ascetic", a 16th-century Persian miniature

Public Islamic art is traditionally non-representational, except for the widespread use of plant forms, usually in varieties of the spiralling arabesque. These are often combined with Islamic calligraphy, geometric patterns in styles that are typically found in a wide variety of media, from small objects in ceramic or metalwork to large decorative schemes in tiling on the outside and inside of large buildings, including mosques. However, there is a long tradition in Islamic art of the depiction of human and animal figures, especially in painting and small anonymous relief figures as part of a decorative scheme. Almost all Persian miniatures (as opposed to decorative illuminations) include figures, often in large numbers, as do their equivalents in Arab, Mughal and Ottoman miniatures. But miniatures in books or muraqqa albums were private works owned by the elite. Larger figures in monumental sculpture are exceptionally rare until recent times, and portraiture showing realistic representations of individuals (and animals) did not develop until the late 16th century in miniature painting, especially Mughal miniatures. Manuscripts of the Qur'an and other sacred texts have always been strictly kept free of such figures, but there is a long tradition of the depiction of Muhammad and other religious figures in books of history and poetry; since the 20th century Muhammad has mostly been shown as though wearing a veil hiding his face, and many earlier miniatures were overpainted to use this convention.

Depiction of animate beings

Main article: Aniconism in Islam

Some interpretations of Islam include a ban of depiction of animate beings, also known as aniconism. Islamic aniconism stems in part from the prohibition of idolatry and in part from the belief that creation of living forms is God's prerogative. Although the Quran does not explicitly prohibit visual representation of any living being, it uses the word musawwir (maker of forms, artist) as an epithet of God. The corpus of hadith (sayings attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad) contains more explicit prohibitions of images of living beings, challenging painters to "breathe life" into their images and threatening them with punishment on the Day of Judgment. Muslims have interpreted these prohibitions in different ways in different times and places. Religious Islamic art has been typically characterized by the absence of figures and extensive use of calligraphic, geometric and abstract floral patterns. However, representations of Muhammad (in some cases, with his face concealed) and other religious figures are found in some manuscripts from lands to the east of Anatolia, such as Persia and India. These pictures were meant to illustrate the story and not to infringe on the Islamic prohibition of idolatry, but many Muslims regard such images as forbidden. In secular art of the Muslim world, representations of human and animal forms historically flourished in nearly all Islamic cultures, although, partly because of opposing religious sentiments, figures in paintings were often stylized, giving rise to a variety of decorative figural designs.

Calligraphy

Main article: Islamic calligraphy

Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, based upon the alphabet in the lands sharing a common Islamic cultural heritage. It includes Arabic Calligraphy, Ottoman, and Persian calligraphy. It is known in Arabic as khatt Islami (خط اسلامي), meaning Islamic line, design, or construction.

The development of Islamic calligraphy is strongly tied to the Qur'an; chapters and excerpts from the Qur'an are a common and almost universal text upon which Islamic calligraphy is based. However, Islamic calligraphy is not limited to strictly religious subjects, objects, or spaces. Like all Islamic art, it encompasses a diverse array of works created in a wide variety of contexts. The prevalence of calligraphy in Islamic art is not directly related to its non-figural tradition; rather, it reflects the centrality of the notion of writing and written text in Islam. It is noteworthy, for instance, that the Prophet Muhammad is related to have said: "The first thing God created was the pen."

Islamic calligraphy developed from two major styles: Kufic and Naskh. There are several variations of each, as well as regionally specific styles. Islamic calligraphy has also been incorporated into modern art beginning with the post-colonial period in the Middle East, as well as the more recent style of calligraffiti.

Architecture

Main article: Islamic architecture

Islamic architecture is the range of architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam. It encompasses both secular and religious styles from the early history of Islam to the present day. Early Islamic architecture was influenced by Roman, Byzantine, Persian and all other lands which the Muslims conquered in the 7th and 8th centuries. Further east, it was also influenced by Chinese and Indian architecture as Islam spread to the Southeast Asia. Later it developed distinct characteristics in the form of buildings, and the decoration of surfaces with Islamic calligraphy and geometric and interlace patterned ornament. The principal Islamic architectural types for large or public buildings are: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. From these four types, the vocabulary of Islamic architecture is derived and used for other buildings such as public baths, fountains and domestic architecture.

  • Northeast entrance to Delhi, India's Jama Masjid.

    Northeast entrance to Delhi, India's Jama Masjid.

  • The Great Mosque of Kairouan also called the Mosque of Uqba is at the same time the oldest mosque in North Africa (founded in 670 and still used as a place of worship) and one of the most important monuments of Islamic civilisation,[29][30] situated in Kairouan, Tunisia.

    The Great Mosque of Kairouan also called the Mosque of Uqba is at the same time the oldest mosque in North Africa (founded in 670 and still used as a place of worship) and one of the most important monuments of Islamic civilisation, situated in Kairouan, Tunisia.

  • The fortress-palace of Alhambra, built in the 11th century, is a large monument and a popular tourist attraction.

    The fortress-palace of Alhambra, built in the 11th century, is a large monument and a popular tourist attraction.

  • Istanbul's Sultan Ahmed Mosque was completed in 1616.

    Istanbul's Sultan Ahmed Mosque was completed in 1616.

  • The 15th-century Sixty Dome Mosque of Khalifatabad in Bangladesh is an example of the Bengal Sultanate architecture.

    The 15th-century Sixty Dome Mosque of Khalifatabad in Bangladesh is an example of the Bengal Sultanate architecture.

Elements of Islamic style

Islamic architecture may be identified with the following design elements, which were inherited from the first mosque built by Muhammad in Medina, as well as from other pre-Islamic features adapted from churches and synagogues.

  • Large courtyards often merged with a central prayer hall (originally a feature of the Masjid al-Nabawi).
  • Minarets or towers (which were originally used as torch-lit watchtowers for example in the Great Mosque of Damascus; hence the derivation of the word from the Arabic nur, meaning "light"). The oldest standing minaret in the world is the minaret of the Great Mosque of Kairouan (in Tunisia); erected between the 2nd and the 3rd century, it is a majestic square tower consisting of three superimposed tiers of gradual size and decor.
  • A mihrab or niche on an inside wall indicating the direction to Mecca. This may have been derived from previous uses of niches for the setting of the torah scrolls in Jewish synagogues or Mehrab (Persian: مِهراب) of Persian Mitraism culture or the wikt:haikal of Coptic churches.
  • Domes (the earliest Islamic use of which was in the 8th-century mosque of Medina).
  • Use of iwans to intermediate between different sections.
  • Use of geometric shapes and repetitive art (arabesque).
  • Use of decorative Arabic calligraphy.
  • Use of symmetry.
  • Ablution fountains.
  • Use of bright colour.
  • Focus on the interior space of a building rather than the exterior.

Theatre

The Indonesian puppet of Amir Hamzah, in Wayang theatre

Whilst theatre is permitted by Islam, Islam does not allow for any performances to depict God, Muhammad, his companions, the angels or matters detailed in the religion that are unseen.

The most popular forms of theatre in the medieval Islamic world were puppet theatre (which included hand puppets, shadow plays and marionette productions) and live passion plays known as ta'ziya, where actors re-enact episodes from Muslim history. In particular, Shia Islamic plays revolved around the shaheed (martyrdom) of Ali's sons Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali. Live secular plays were known as akhraja, recorded in medieval adab literature, though they were less common than puppetry and ta'zieh theatre.

One of the oldest, and most enduring, forms of puppet theatre is the Wayang of Indonesia. Although it narrates primarily pre-Islamic legends, it is also an important stage for Islamic epics such as the adventures of Amir Hamzah (pictured). Islamic Wayang is known as Wayang Sadat or Wayang Menak.

Karagoz, the Turkish Shadow Theatre has influenced puppetry widely in the region. It is thought to have passed from China by way of India. Later it was taken by the Mongols from the Chinese and transmitted to the Turkish peoples of Central Russia. Thus the art of Shadow Theatre was brought to Anatolia by the Turkish people emigrating from Central Asia. Other scholars claim that shadow theatre came to Anatolia in the 16th century from Egypt. The advocates of this view claim that when Yavuz Sultan Selim conquered Egypt in 1517, he saw shadow theatre performed during an extacy party put on in his honour. Yavuz Sultan Selim was so impressed with it that he took the puppeteer back to his palace in Istanbul. There his 47-year-old son, later Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent, developed an interest in the plays and watched them a great deal. Thus shadow theatre found its way into the Ottoman palaces.

In other areas the style of shadow puppetry known as khayal al-zill – an intentionally metaphorical term whose meaning is best translated as 'shadows of the imagination' or 'shadow of fancy' survives. This is a shadow play with live music .."the accompaniment of drums, tambourines and flutes...also..."special effects" – smoke, fire, thunder, rattles, squeaks, thumps, and whatever else might elicit a laugh or a shudder from his audience"

In Iran puppets are known to have existed much earlier than 1000, but initially only glove and string puppets were popular in Iran. Other genres of puppetry emerged during the Qajar era (18th–19th century) as influences from Turkey spread to the region. Kheimeh Shab-Bazi is a Persian traditional puppet show which is performed in a small chamber by a musical performer and a storyteller called a morshed or naghal. These shows often take place alongside storytelling in traditional tea and coffee-houses (Ghahve-Khave). The dialogue takes place between the morshed and the puppets. Puppetry remains very popular in Iran, the touring opera Rostam and Sohrab puppet opera being a recent example.

The Royal Opera House in Muscat, Oman. It is considered to be the first opera house linking Islamic culture with classical music.

Following the independence of Pakistan in 1947, religion-based nationalism was strong and affected the theatre in both wings of the country. In East Pakistan (modern-day Bangladesh), playwrights emerged such as Ibrahim Khan (1894-1978), Ibrahim Khalil (b. 1916), Akbar ad-Din (1895-1978) and others. These playwrights would create plays related to the Islamic history of the subcontinent and Middle East, glorifying past Muslim rulers as well as the history of the Pakistan Movement.

Dance

Many forms of dancing arts are practised in Muslim cultures, both in religious and secular contexts (such as folk and tribal dances, court dances, dances of celebration during weddings and festivals, belly dancing, etc.).

Some scholars of Islamic fiqh pronounced gender based rulings on dance, making it permissible for women within a female only environment, as is often performed at celebrations, but discouraging men to engage in it. Other classical authorities including Al-Ghazzali and Al-Nawawi allow it without this distinction, but criticised dancing which is "languid" or excites carnal lusts.

Most of the religious orders (tariqa) which dominate traditional Muslim religious life practice ritualised forms of dance in the context of dhikr ceremonies. Dhikr, "recollection" (of God) is a meditative form of worship different from ritual prayer where the seeker focuses all of his senses and thoughts on God in the hope of attaining maarifat (experiential knowledge of God) and triggering mystic states within him- or herself. Dhikr can be performed individually or with like-minded followers under the direction of a sheikh, and can involve silent meditation or repetition and visualisation of sacred words such as the 99 names of God or Quranic phrases, and may be done at rest or with rhythmic movements and controlling one's breath. Traditional Islamic orders have developed varied dhikr exercises including sometimes highly elaborate ritual dances accompanied by Sufi poetry and classical music.

Al-Ghazzali discussed the use of music and dancing in dhikr and the mystical states it induces in worshippers, as well as regulating the etiquette attached to these ceremonies, in his short treatise on Islamic spirituality The Alchemy of Happiness and in his highly influential work The Revival of the Religious Sciences. Al-Ghazzali emphasized how the practices of music and dance are beneficial to religious seekers, as long as their hearts are pure before engaging in these practices.

Notable examples include the Mevlevi Order founded by Jalaluddin Rumi, which was the main Sunni order of the Ottoman Empire, and its sama ritual (known in the West as "the whirling dervishes"). The Mevlevi order, its rituals and Ottoman classical music has been banned in Turkey through much of the 20th century as part of the country's drive towards secular "modernisation", and the order's properties have been expropriated and the country's mosques put out of its control, which has radically diminished its influence in modern Turkey. In 2008, UNESCO confirmed the "Mevlevi Sama Ceremony" of Turkey as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, and the practice is now regaining interest.

In Egypt and the Levant, the Mevlevi form of sama is known as tannoura and has been adopted (with some modifications) by other Sufi orders as well.

The Chishti order, traditionally the dominant Islamic institution in Afghanistan and the Indian subcontinent and the most ancient of the major Sufi orders, also practices forms of sama similar to the Mevlevis, as well as other forms of devotional dance. The order is strongly associated with the development of Hindustani classical music and semi-classical devotional genres such as qawwali through famed pioneer figures such as Amir Khusrow. The Chishti order remains one of the largest and strongest Muslim religious orders in the world by far, retaining a vast influence on the spirituality and culture of around 500 million Muslims living in the Indian subcontinent.

Other examples of devotional dance are found in the Maghreb where it is associated with gnawa music, as well as Sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. The Naqshbandi order, predominant among Iran's Sunni minority, is a notable exception in that they do not use music and dancing in the context of dhikr.

In addition to these strictly religious forms of dance, colourful dancing processions traditionally take place in Muslim communities during weddings and public celebrations such as Mawlid, Eid el-Adha, and so on. Many Islamic cultures have also developed classical forms of dance in the context for instance of Mughal, Ottoman, Persian and Javanese court cultures, as well as innumerable local folk and tribal dances (for instance amongst Bedouin, Tuareg and Pashto peoples), and other forms of dance used for entertainment or sometimes healing such as belly dancing (principally associated with Egyptian culture).

Although tariqas and their rituals have been an omnipresent part of Muslim life for most of Islam's history and were largely responsible for the spread of Islam throughout the world, their following and influence has sharply declined since the late 19th century, having been vigorously opposed and combated in turns by the French and British colonial administrations and by Muslim modernists and secularists like Kemal Atatürk, and in recent decades have been the target of vocal opposition by the fundamentalist Wahhabi sect promoted by Saudi Arabia (where most of the heritage associated with Sufism and tariqa was physically destroyed by the state in the 1930s). Wahhabi militant groups such as ISIS and the Taliban are repeatedly targeting dhikr ceremonies in terrorist attacks, notably in Egypt and Pakistan.

Music

Main article: Islamic music

Many Muslims are very familiar to listening to music. The classic heartland of Islam is Arabia as well as other parts of the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia. Because Islam is a multicultural religion, the musical expression of its adherents is diverse.

  • Arab classical music
  • Religious music in Iran
  • Hindustani classical music
  • Qawwali music

The Seljuk Turks, a nomadic tribe that converted to Islam, conquered Anatolia (now Turkey), and held the Caliphate as the Ottoman Empire, also had a strong influence on Islamic music. See Turkish classical music.

Sub-Saharan Africa, India, and the Malay Archipelago also have large Muslim populations, but these areas have had less influence than the heartland on the various traditions of Islamic music. For South India, see: Mappila Songs, Duff Muttu.

All these regions were connected by trade long before the Islamic conquests of the 7th century and later, and it is likely that musical styles travelled the same routes as trade goods. However, lacking recordings, we can only speculate as to the pre-Islamic music of these areas. Islam must have had a great influence on music, as it united vast areas under the first caliphs, and facilitated trade between distant lands. Certainly the Sufis, brotherhoods of Muslim mystics, spread their music far and wide.

See articles on Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha, Ashurah (see also Hosay and Tabuik), Mawlid, Lailat al Miraj and Shab-e-baraat.

Family life

Main articles: Islamic marriage and Islamic marital practices

In a Muslim family, the birth of a child is attended with some religious ceremonies. Immediately after the birth, the words of Adhan is pronounced in the right ear of the child. In the seventh day, the aquiqa ceremony is performed, in which an animal is slaughtered and its meat is distributed among the poor. The head of the child is also shaved, and an amount of money equaling the weight of the child's hair is donated to the poor. Apart from fulfilling the basic needs of food, shelter, and education, the parents or the elderly members of family also undertake the task of teaching moral qualities, religious knowledge, and religious practices to the children. Marriage, which serves as the foundation of a Muslim family, is a civil contract which consists of an offer and acceptance between two qualified parties in the presence of two witnesses. The groom is required to pay a bridal gift (mahr) to the bride, as stipulated in the contract. With Muslims coming from diverse backgrounds including 49 Muslim-majority countries, plus a strong presence as large minorities throughout the world there are many variations on Muslim weddings. Generally in a Muslim family, a woman's sphere of operation is the home and a man's corresponding sphere is the outside world. However, in practice, this separation is not as rigid as it appears.

Certain religious rites are performed during and after the death of a Muslim. Those near a dying man encourage him to pronounce the Shahada as Muslims want their last word to be their profession of faith. After the death, the body is appropriately bathed by the members of the same gender and then enshrouded in a threefold white garment called kafan. Placing the body on a bier, it is first taken to a mosque where funeral prayer is offered for the dead person, and then to the graveyard for burial.

Etiquette and diet

Main articles: Adab (Islam) and Islamic dietary laws

Many practices fall in the category of adab, or Islamic etiquette. This includes greeting others with "as-salamu 'alaykum" ("peace be unto you"), saying bismillah ("in the name of God") before meals, and using only the right hand for eating and drinking. Islamic hygienic practices mainly fall into the category of personal cleanliness and health. Circumcision of male offspring is also practiced in Islam. Islamic burial rituals include saying the Salat al-Janazah ("funeral prayer") over the bathed and enshrouded dead body, and burying it in a grave. Muslims are restricted in their diet. Prohibited foods include pork products, blood, carrion, and alcohol. All meat must come from a herbivorous animal slaughtered in the name of God by a Muslim, Jew, or Christian, with the exception of game that one has hunted or fished for oneself. Food permissible for Muslims is known as halal food. In verses of Quran, there goes these lines about meat that a Muslim can eat: " O ye who believe! Avoid suspicion as much (as possible): for suspicion in some cases is a sin: And spy not on each other behind their backs. Would any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Nay, ye would abhor it...But fear Allah. For Allah is Oft-Returning, Most Merciful." (Sura al-Hucurat, 12) "He has only forbidden you ˹to eat˺ carrion, blood, swine, and what is slaughtered in the name of any other than Allah. But if someone is compelled by necessity—neither driven by desire nor exceeding immediate need—then surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (Sura al-Nahl, 115) "Tell them (O Muhammad!): 'I do not find in what has been revealed to me anything forbidden for anyone who wants to eat unless it is carrion, outpoured blood and the flesh of swine, all of which is unclean; or that which is profane having been slaughtered in a name other than that of Allah.121 But whosoever is constrained to it by necessity - neither desiring to disobey nor exceeding the limit of necessity - your Lord is surely AllForgiving, All-Compassionate." (Sura al-An'am, 145) "Forbidden to you is that which dies of itself, and blood, and flesh of swine, and that on which any other name than that of Allah has been invoked, and the strangled (animal) and that beaten to death, and that killed by a fall and that killed by being smitten with the horn, and that which wild beasts have eaten, except what you slaughter, and what is sacrificed on stones set up (for idols) and that you divide by the arrows; that is a transgression. This day have those who disbelieve despaired of your religion, so fear them not, and fear Me. This day have I perfected for you your religion and completed My favor on you and chosen for you Islam as a religion; but whoever is compelled by hunger, not inclining willfully to sin, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful." (Sura al-Maidah, 3) These verses clearly show that Islam forbids to eat flesh, drink blood and certain meats.

at February 04, 2023
Email ThisBlogThis!Share to XShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest
Newer Posts Older Posts Home
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)

Wolf–Rayet star

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star James Webb Spa...

  • Islamic State and the Levant
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant الدولة الإسلامية في العراق والشام   ( ...
  • Heart Sutra
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A reproduction of the palm -leaf manuscript in Siddham script ...
  • Environmental impact of fracking
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Fracking Shale gas drilling rig near Alvarado, Texas The environme...

Search This Blog

  • Home

About Me

My photo
David J Strumfels
View my complete profile

Blog Archive

  • ▼  2025 (809)
    • ▼  May (56)
      • ▼  May 09 (3)
        • Wolf–Rayet star
        • Conflagration
        • Combustion
      • ►  May 08 (7)
      • ►  May 07 (3)
      • ►  May 06 (8)
      • ►  May 05 (9)
      • ►  May 04 (5)
      • ►  May 03 (6)
      • ►  May 02 (5)
      • ►  May 01 (10)
    • ►  April (193)
      • ►  Apr 30 (8)
      • ►  Apr 29 (6)
      • ►  Apr 28 (5)
      • ►  Apr 27 (10)
      • ►  Apr 26 (9)
      • ►  Apr 25 (4)
      • ►  Apr 24 (11)
      • ►  Apr 23 (3)
      • ►  Apr 22 (8)
      • ►  Apr 21 (10)
      • ►  Apr 20 (14)
      • ►  Apr 19 (6)
      • ►  Apr 18 (13)
      • ►  Apr 17 (10)
      • ►  Apr 16 (8)
      • ►  Apr 15 (4)
      • ►  Apr 14 (6)
      • ►  Apr 13 (7)
      • ►  Apr 12 (7)
      • ►  Apr 11 (9)
      • ►  Apr 10 (1)
      • ►  Apr 09 (5)
      • ►  Apr 08 (4)
      • ►  Apr 07 (5)
      • ►  Apr 06 (4)
      • ►  Apr 05 (4)
      • ►  Apr 04 (2)
      • ►  Apr 03 (2)
      • ►  Apr 02 (2)
      • ►  Apr 01 (6)
    • ►  March (182)
      • ►  Mar 31 (5)
      • ►  Mar 30 (10)
      • ►  Mar 29 (12)
      • ►  Mar 28 (5)
      • ►  Mar 27 (7)
      • ►  Mar 26 (5)
      • ►  Mar 25 (7)
      • ►  Mar 24 (8)
      • ►  Mar 23 (6)
      • ►  Mar 22 (5)
      • ►  Mar 21 (5)
      • ►  Mar 20 (5)
      • ►  Mar 19 (6)
      • ►  Mar 18 (4)
      • ►  Mar 17 (7)
      • ►  Mar 16 (5)
      • ►  Mar 15 (7)
      • ►  Mar 14 (5)
      • ►  Mar 13 (2)
      • ►  Mar 12 (1)
      • ►  Mar 11 (1)
      • ►  Mar 10 (6)
      • ►  Mar 09 (8)
      • ►  Mar 08 (7)
      • ►  Mar 07 (6)
      • ►  Mar 06 (11)
      • ►  Mar 05 (6)
      • ►  Mar 04 (8)
      • ►  Mar 03 (4)
      • ►  Mar 02 (5)
      • ►  Mar 01 (3)
    • ►  February (115)
      • ►  Feb 28 (5)
      • ►  Feb 27 (5)
      • ►  Feb 26 (1)
      • ►  Feb 25 (2)
      • ►  Feb 24 (5)
      • ►  Feb 22 (2)
      • ►  Feb 21 (2)
      • ►  Feb 20 (3)
      • ►  Feb 19 (4)
      • ►  Feb 18 (4)
      • ►  Feb 17 (6)
      • ►  Feb 16 (2)
      • ►  Feb 15 (4)
      • ►  Feb 14 (4)
      • ►  Feb 13 (1)
      • ►  Feb 12 (3)
      • ►  Feb 11 (2)
      • ►  Feb 10 (7)
      • ►  Feb 09 (5)
      • ►  Feb 08 (4)
      • ►  Feb 07 (4)
      • ►  Feb 06 (5)
      • ►  Feb 05 (7)
      • ►  Feb 04 (6)
      • ►  Feb 03 (7)
      • ►  Feb 02 (7)
      • ►  Feb 01 (8)
    • ►  January (263)
      • ►  Jan 31 (7)
      • ►  Jan 30 (8)
      • ►  Jan 29 (8)
      • ►  Jan 28 (6)
      • ►  Jan 27 (7)
      • ►  Jan 26 (15)
      • ►  Jan 25 (11)
      • ►  Jan 24 (18)
      • ►  Jan 23 (10)
      • ►  Jan 22 (13)
      • ►  Jan 21 (5)
      • ►  Jan 20 (9)
      • ►  Jan 19 (2)
      • ►  Jan 18 (6)
      • ►  Jan 17 (4)
      • ►  Jan 16 (5)
      • ►  Jan 15 (7)
      • ►  Jan 14 (7)
      • ►  Jan 13 (11)
      • ►  Jan 12 (4)
      • ►  Jan 11 (16)
      • ►  Jan 10 (11)
      • ►  Jan 09 (6)
      • ►  Jan 08 (5)
      • ►  Jan 07 (9)
      • ►  Jan 06 (6)
      • ►  Jan 05 (10)
      • ►  Jan 04 (14)
      • ►  Jan 03 (4)
      • ►  Jan 02 (14)
      • ►  Jan 01 (5)
  • ►  2024 (3069)
    • ►  December (227)
      • ►  Dec 31 (6)
      • ►  Dec 30 (4)
      • ►  Dec 29 (5)
      • ►  Dec 28 (4)
      • ►  Dec 27 (4)
      • ►  Dec 26 (5)
      • ►  Dec 25 (3)
      • ►  Dec 24 (5)
      • ►  Dec 23 (6)
      • ►  Dec 22 (8)
      • ►  Dec 21 (9)
      • ►  Dec 20 (15)
      • ►  Dec 19 (4)
      • ►  Dec 18 (13)
      • ►  Dec 17 (9)
      • ►  Dec 16 (14)
      • ►  Dec 15 (14)
      • ►  Dec 14 (12)
      • ►  Dec 13 (6)
      • ►  Dec 12 (10)
      • ►  Dec 11 (11)
      • ►  Dec 10 (7)
      • ►  Dec 09 (7)
      • ►  Dec 08 (6)
      • ►  Dec 07 (13)
      • ►  Dec 06 (4)
      • ►  Dec 05 (8)
      • ►  Dec 04 (3)
      • ►  Dec 03 (2)
      • ►  Dec 02 (6)
      • ►  Dec 01 (4)
    • ►  November (223)
      • ►  Nov 30 (6)
      • ►  Nov 29 (6)
      • ►  Nov 28 (6)
      • ►  Nov 27 (4)
      • ►  Nov 26 (5)
      • ►  Nov 25 (12)
      • ►  Nov 24 (9)
      • ►  Nov 23 (9)
      • ►  Nov 22 (7)
      • ►  Nov 21 (8)
      • ►  Nov 20 (6)
      • ►  Nov 19 (5)
      • ►  Nov 18 (8)
      • ►  Nov 17 (7)
      • ►  Nov 16 (7)
      • ►  Nov 15 (8)
      • ►  Nov 14 (8)
      • ►  Nov 13 (5)
      • ►  Nov 12 (3)
      • ►  Nov 11 (7)
      • ►  Nov 10 (12)
      • ►  Nov 09 (6)
      • ►  Nov 08 (10)
      • ►  Nov 07 (8)
      • ►  Nov 06 (4)
      • ►  Nov 05 (2)
      • ►  Nov 04 (7)
      • ►  Nov 03 (19)
      • ►  Nov 02 (7)
      • ►  Nov 01 (12)
    • ►  October (231)
      • ►  Oct 31 (5)
      • ►  Oct 30 (9)
      • ►  Oct 29 (13)
      • ►  Oct 28 (11)
      • ►  Oct 27 (13)
      • ►  Oct 26 (11)
      • ►  Oct 25 (11)
      • ►  Oct 24 (8)
      • ►  Oct 23 (8)
      • ►  Oct 22 (1)
      • ►  Oct 21 (8)
      • ►  Oct 20 (2)
      • ►  Oct 17 (5)
      • ►  Oct 16 (8)
      • ►  Oct 15 (14)
      • ►  Oct 14 (15)
      • ►  Oct 13 (11)
      • ►  Oct 12 (7)
      • ►  Oct 11 (8)
      • ►  Oct 10 (4)
      • ►  Oct 09 (11)
      • ►  Oct 08 (3)
      • ►  Oct 07 (6)
      • ►  Oct 06 (3)
      • ►  Oct 05 (2)
      • ►  Oct 04 (5)
      • ►  Oct 03 (9)
      • ►  Oct 02 (8)
      • ►  Oct 01 (12)
    • ►  September (257)
      • ►  Sep 30 (3)
      • ►  Sep 29 (12)
      • ►  Sep 28 (16)
      • ►  Sep 27 (6)
      • ►  Sep 26 (2)
      • ►  Sep 25 (1)
      • ►  Sep 24 (3)
      • ►  Sep 23 (2)
      • ►  Sep 22 (6)
      • ►  Sep 21 (18)
      • ►  Sep 20 (5)
      • ►  Sep 19 (5)
      • ►  Sep 18 (2)
      • ►  Sep 17 (1)
      • ►  Sep 16 (4)
      • ►  Sep 15 (12)
      • ►  Sep 14 (4)
      • ►  Sep 13 (12)
      • ►  Sep 12 (6)
      • ►  Sep 11 (5)
      • ►  Sep 10 (4)
      • ►  Sep 09 (9)
      • ►  Sep 08 (12)
      • ►  Sep 07 (17)
      • ►  Sep 06 (13)
      • ►  Sep 05 (10)
      • ►  Sep 04 (10)
      • ►  Sep 03 (18)
      • ►  Sep 02 (20)
      • ►  Sep 01 (19)
    • ►  August (338)
      • ►  Aug 31 (16)
      • ►  Aug 30 (17)
      • ►  Aug 29 (11)
      • ►  Aug 28 (15)
      • ►  Aug 27 (16)
      • ►  Aug 26 (7)
      • ►  Aug 25 (7)
      • ►  Aug 24 (11)
      • ►  Aug 23 (9)
      • ►  Aug 22 (11)
      • ►  Aug 21 (8)
      • ►  Aug 20 (14)
      • ►  Aug 19 (9)
      • ►  Aug 18 (7)
      • ►  Aug 17 (3)
      • ►  Aug 16 (13)
      • ►  Aug 15 (7)
      • ►  Aug 14 (12)
      • ►  Aug 13 (12)
      • ►  Aug 12 (15)
      • ►  Aug 11 (13)
      • ►  Aug 10 (12)
      • ►  Aug 09 (17)
      • ►  Aug 08 (13)
      • ►  Aug 07 (8)
      • ►  Aug 06 (8)
      • ►  Aug 05 (17)
      • ►  Aug 04 (4)
      • ►  Aug 03 (7)
      • ►  Aug 02 (13)
      • ►  Aug 01 (6)
    • ►  July (305)
      • ►  Jul 31 (7)
      • ►  Jul 30 (14)
      • ►  Jul 29 (11)
      • ►  Jul 28 (17)
      • ►  Jul 27 (12)
      • ►  Jul 26 (13)
      • ►  Jul 25 (12)
      • ►  Jul 24 (4)
      • ►  Jul 23 (15)
      • ►  Jul 22 (8)
      • ►  Jul 21 (8)
      • ►  Jul 20 (11)
      • ►  Jul 19 (13)
      • ►  Jul 18 (5)
      • ►  Jul 17 (4)
      • ►  Jul 16 (7)
      • ►  Jul 15 (12)
      • ►  Jul 14 (12)
      • ►  Jul 13 (4)
      • ►  Jul 12 (11)
      • ►  Jul 11 (14)
      • ►  Jul 10 (10)
      • ►  Jul 09 (14)
      • ►  Jul 08 (10)
      • ►  Jul 07 (3)
      • ►  Jul 06 (9)
      • ►  Jul 05 (13)
      • ►  Jul 04 (9)
      • ►  Jul 03 (8)
      • ►  Jul 02 (8)
      • ►  Jul 01 (7)
    • ►  June (217)
      • ►  Jun 30 (5)
      • ►  Jun 29 (7)
      • ►  Jun 28 (6)
      • ►  Jun 27 (4)
      • ►  Jun 26 (4)
      • ►  Jun 25 (8)
      • ►  Jun 24 (9)
      • ►  Jun 23 (5)
      • ►  Jun 22 (5)
      • ►  Jun 21 (4)
      • ►  Jun 20 (4)
      • ►  Jun 19 (7)
      • ►  Jun 18 (10)
      • ►  Jun 17 (4)
      • ►  Jun 16 (10)
      • ►  Jun 15 (10)
      • ►  Jun 14 (11)
      • ►  Jun 13 (14)
      • ►  Jun 12 (9)
      • ►  Jun 11 (8)
      • ►  Jun 10 (6)
      • ►  Jun 09 (9)
      • ►  Jun 08 (14)
      • ►  Jun 07 (2)
      • ►  Jun 06 (1)
      • ►  Jun 05 (2)
      • ►  Jun 04 (11)
      • ►  Jun 03 (3)
      • ►  Jun 02 (15)
      • ►  Jun 01 (10)
    • ►  May (166)
      • ►  May 31 (3)
      • ►  May 30 (2)
      • ►  May 29 (6)
      • ►  May 28 (5)
      • ►  May 27 (9)
      • ►  May 26 (6)
      • ►  May 25 (3)
      • ►  May 24 (6)
      • ►  May 23 (6)
      • ►  May 22 (6)
      • ►  May 21 (8)
      • ►  May 20 (2)
      • ►  May 19 (5)
      • ►  May 18 (5)
      • ►  May 17 (3)
      • ►  May 16 (5)
      • ►  May 15 (6)
      • ►  May 14 (4)
      • ►  May 13 (4)
      • ►  May 12 (9)
      • ►  May 11 (12)
      • ►  May 10 (4)
      • ►  May 09 (7)
      • ►  May 08 (5)
      • ►  May 07 (8)
      • ►  May 06 (10)
      • ►  May 05 (2)
      • ►  May 04 (4)
      • ►  May 03 (2)
      • ►  May 02 (6)
      • ►  May 01 (3)
    • ►  April (275)
      • ►  Apr 29 (2)
      • ►  Apr 28 (8)
      • ►  Apr 27 (10)
      • ►  Apr 26 (11)
      • ►  Apr 25 (9)
      • ►  Apr 24 (7)
      • ►  Apr 23 (5)
      • ►  Apr 22 (8)
      • ►  Apr 21 (9)
      • ►  Apr 20 (8)
      • ►  Apr 19 (4)
      • ►  Apr 18 (9)
      • ►  Apr 17 (11)
      • ►  Apr 16 (15)
      • ►  Apr 15 (12)
      • ►  Apr 14 (15)
      • ►  Apr 13 (14)
      • ►  Apr 12 (15)
      • ►  Apr 11 (12)
      • ►  Apr 10 (14)
      • ►  Apr 09 (6)
      • ►  Apr 08 (16)
      • ►  Apr 07 (4)
      • ►  Apr 06 (9)
      • ►  Apr 05 (13)
      • ►  Apr 04 (8)
      • ►  Apr 03 (12)
      • ►  Apr 02 (5)
      • ►  Apr 01 (4)
    • ►  March (200)
      • ►  Mar 31 (6)
      • ►  Mar 30 (12)
      • ►  Mar 29 (9)
      • ►  Mar 28 (11)
      • ►  Mar 27 (13)
      • ►  Mar 26 (8)
      • ►  Mar 25 (9)
      • ►  Mar 24 (3)
      • ►  Mar 23 (7)
      • ►  Mar 22 (3)
      • ►  Mar 21 (16)
      • ►  Mar 20 (2)
      • ►  Mar 19 (7)
      • ►  Mar 18 (6)
      • ►  Mar 17 (12)
      • ►  Mar 16 (9)
      • ►  Mar 15 (10)
      • ►  Mar 14 (2)
      • ►  Mar 13 (8)
      • ►  Mar 12 (1)
      • ►  Mar 10 (4)
      • ►  Mar 09 (2)
      • ►  Mar 08 (1)
      • ►  Mar 07 (4)
      • ►  Mar 06 (6)
      • ►  Mar 05 (11)
      • ►  Mar 04 (9)
      • ►  Mar 02 (8)
      • ►  Mar 01 (1)
    • ►  February (220)
      • ►  Feb 29 (6)
      • ►  Feb 28 (1)
      • ►  Feb 27 (4)
      • ►  Feb 26 (6)
      • ►  Feb 25 (7)
      • ►  Feb 24 (4)
      • ►  Feb 23 (5)
      • ►  Feb 22 (7)
      • ►  Feb 20 (15)
      • ►  Feb 19 (4)
      • ►  Feb 18 (13)
      • ►  Feb 17 (4)
      • ►  Feb 16 (5)
      • ►  Feb 15 (10)
      • ►  Feb 14 (9)
      • ►  Feb 13 (17)
      • ►  Feb 12 (9)
      • ►  Feb 11 (10)
      • ►  Feb 10 (18)
      • ►  Feb 09 (5)
      • ►  Feb 08 (9)
      • ►  Feb 07 (11)
      • ►  Feb 06 (6)
      • ►  Feb 05 (10)
      • ►  Feb 04 (4)
      • ►  Feb 03 (5)
      • ►  Feb 02 (8)
      • ►  Feb 01 (8)
    • ►  January (410)
      • ►  Jan 31 (13)
      • ►  Jan 30 (11)
      • ►  Jan 29 (14)
      • ►  Jan 28 (11)
      • ►  Jan 27 (20)
      • ►  Jan 26 (22)
      • ►  Jan 25 (16)
      • ►  Jan 24 (14)
      • ►  Jan 23 (18)
      • ►  Jan 22 (15)
      • ►  Jan 21 (11)
      • ►  Jan 20 (16)
      • ►  Jan 19 (5)
      • ►  Jan 18 (11)
      • ►  Jan 17 (11)
      • ►  Jan 16 (8)
      • ►  Jan 15 (27)
      • ►  Jan 14 (12)
      • ►  Jan 13 (16)
      • ►  Jan 12 (4)
      • ►  Jan 11 (8)
      • ►  Jan 10 (7)
      • ►  Jan 09 (9)
      • ►  Jan 08 (10)
      • ►  Jan 07 (10)
      • ►  Jan 06 (13)
      • ►  Jan 05 (18)
      • ►  Jan 04 (9)
      • ►  Jan 03 (20)
      • ►  Jan 02 (14)
      • ►  Jan 01 (17)
  • ►  2023 (4333)
    • ►  December (314)
      • ►  Dec 31 (10)
      • ►  Dec 30 (18)
      • ►  Dec 29 (17)
      • ►  Dec 28 (8)
      • ►  Dec 27 (1)
      • ►  Dec 26 (14)
      • ►  Dec 25 (19)
      • ►  Dec 24 (20)
      • ►  Dec 23 (12)
      • ►  Dec 22 (12)
      • ►  Dec 21 (4)
      • ►  Dec 20 (18)
      • ►  Dec 19 (9)
      • ►  Dec 18 (5)
      • ►  Dec 17 (6)
      • ►  Dec 16 (17)
      • ►  Dec 15 (5)
      • ►  Dec 14 (16)
      • ►  Dec 13 (10)
      • ►  Dec 12 (7)
      • ►  Dec 11 (2)
      • ►  Dec 10 (7)
      • ►  Dec 09 (3)
      • ►  Dec 08 (5)
      • ►  Dec 07 (5)
      • ►  Dec 06 (16)
      • ►  Dec 05 (13)
      • ►  Dec 04 (11)
      • ►  Dec 03 (8)
      • ►  Dec 02 (7)
      • ►  Dec 01 (9)
    • ►  November (353)
      • ►  Nov 30 (10)
      • ►  Nov 29 (8)
      • ►  Nov 28 (7)
      • ►  Nov 27 (13)
      • ►  Nov 26 (7)
      • ►  Nov 25 (4)
      • ►  Nov 23 (11)
      • ►  Nov 22 (6)
      • ►  Nov 21 (7)
      • ►  Nov 20 (6)
      • ►  Nov 19 (5)
      • ►  Nov 18 (13)
      • ►  Nov 17 (10)
      • ►  Nov 16 (2)
      • ►  Nov 15 (16)
      • ►  Nov 14 (21)
      • ►  Nov 13 (14)
      • ►  Nov 12 (12)
      • ►  Nov 11 (19)
      • ►  Nov 10 (11)
      • ►  Nov 09 (24)
      • ►  Nov 08 (8)
      • ►  Nov 07 (11)
      • ►  Nov 06 (13)
      • ►  Nov 05 (18)
      • ►  Nov 04 (9)
      • ►  Nov 03 (21)
      • ►  Nov 02 (25)
      • ►  Nov 01 (22)
    • ►  October (549)
      • ►  Oct 31 (23)
      • ►  Oct 30 (19)
      • ►  Oct 29 (22)
      • ►  Oct 28 (30)
      • ►  Oct 27 (24)
      • ►  Oct 26 (28)
      • ►  Oct 25 (24)
      • ►  Oct 24 (20)
      • ►  Oct 23 (4)
      • ►  Oct 22 (24)
      • ►  Oct 21 (20)
      • ►  Oct 20 (17)
      • ►  Oct 19 (14)
      • ►  Oct 18 (14)
      • ►  Oct 17 (19)
      • ►  Oct 16 (12)
      • ►  Oct 15 (4)
      • ►  Oct 14 (23)
      • ►  Oct 13 (21)
      • ►  Oct 12 (22)
      • ►  Oct 11 (22)
      • ►  Oct 10 (11)
      • ►  Oct 09 (12)
      • ►  Oct 08 (19)
      • ►  Oct 07 (16)
      • ►  Oct 06 (19)
      • ►  Oct 05 (20)
      • ►  Oct 04 (11)
      • ►  Oct 03 (15)
      • ►  Oct 02 (11)
      • ►  Oct 01 (9)
    • ►  September (478)
      • ►  Sep 30 (25)
      • ►  Sep 29 (19)
      • ►  Sep 28 (28)
      • ►  Sep 27 (17)
      • ►  Sep 26 (21)
      • ►  Sep 25 (21)
      • ►  Sep 24 (6)
      • ►  Sep 23 (13)
      • ►  Sep 22 (6)
      • ►  Sep 21 (11)
      • ►  Sep 20 (9)
      • ►  Sep 19 (4)
      • ►  Sep 18 (6)
      • ►  Sep 17 (4)
      • ►  Sep 16 (11)
      • ►  Sep 15 (13)
      • ►  Sep 14 (22)
      • ►  Sep 13 (9)
      • ►  Sep 12 (11)
      • ►  Sep 11 (13)
      • ►  Sep 10 (25)
      • ►  Sep 09 (26)
      • ►  Sep 08 (23)
      • ►  Sep 07 (20)
      • ►  Sep 06 (27)
      • ►  Sep 05 (20)
      • ►  Sep 04 (18)
      • ►  Sep 03 (11)
      • ►  Sep 02 (24)
      • ►  Sep 01 (15)
    • ►  August (464)
      • ►  Aug 31 (20)
      • ►  Aug 30 (24)
      • ►  Aug 29 (10)
      • ►  Aug 28 (17)
      • ►  Aug 27 (15)
      • ►  Aug 26 (20)
      • ►  Aug 25 (12)
      • ►  Aug 24 (8)
      • ►  Aug 23 (16)
      • ►  Aug 22 (12)
      • ►  Aug 21 (21)
      • ►  Aug 20 (18)
      • ►  Aug 19 (10)
      • ►  Aug 18 (19)
      • ►  Aug 17 (14)
      • ►  Aug 16 (15)
      • ►  Aug 15 (22)
      • ►  Aug 14 (22)
      • ►  Aug 13 (11)
      • ►  Aug 12 (18)
      • ►  Aug 11 (15)
      • ►  Aug 10 (15)
      • ►  Aug 09 (22)
      • ►  Aug 08 (19)
      • ►  Aug 07 (24)
      • ►  Aug 06 (17)
      • ►  Aug 05 (3)
      • ►  Aug 04 (7)
      • ►  Aug 03 (2)
      • ►  Aug 02 (6)
      • ►  Aug 01 (10)
    • ►  July (359)
      • ►  Jul 31 (21)
      • ►  Jul 30 (5)
      • ►  Jul 29 (15)
      • ►  Jul 28 (10)
      • ►  Jul 27 (12)
      • ►  Jul 26 (12)
      • ►  Jul 25 (2)
      • ►  Jul 23 (17)
      • ►  Jul 22 (5)
      • ►  Jul 21 (15)
      • ►  Jul 20 (9)
      • ►  Jul 19 (11)
      • ►  Jul 18 (24)
      • ►  Jul 17 (10)
      • ►  Jul 16 (12)
      • ►  Jul 15 (6)
      • ►  Jul 14 (10)
      • ►  Jul 13 (7)
      • ►  Jul 12 (14)
      • ►  Jul 11 (14)
      • ►  Jul 10 (8)
      • ►  Jul 09 (8)
      • ►  Jul 08 (10)
      • ►  Jul 07 (12)
      • ►  Jul 06 (18)
      • ►  Jul 05 (19)
      • ►  Jul 04 (8)
      • ►  Jul 03 (17)
      • ►  Jul 02 (9)
      • ►  Jul 01 (19)
    • ►  June (397)
      • ►  Jun 30 (17)
      • ►  Jun 29 (15)
      • ►  Jun 28 (6)
      • ►  Jun 27 (8)
      • ►  Jun 26 (15)
      • ►  Jun 25 (18)
      • ►  Jun 24 (11)
      • ►  Jun 23 (23)
      • ►  Jun 22 (30)
      • ►  Jun 21 (20)
      • ►  Jun 20 (18)
      • ►  Jun 19 (18)
      • ►  Jun 18 (20)
      • ►  Jun 17 (16)
      • ►  Jun 16 (13)
      • ►  Jun 15 (8)
      • ►  Jun 14 (11)
      • ►  Jun 13 (7)
      • ►  Jun 12 (5)
      • ►  Jun 11 (4)
      • ►  Jun 10 (4)
      • ►  Jun 09 (4)
      • ►  Jun 08 (5)
      • ►  Jun 07 (3)
      • ►  Jun 06 (3)
      • ►  Jun 05 (21)
      • ►  Jun 04 (24)
      • ►  Jun 03 (12)
      • ►  Jun 02 (18)
      • ►  Jun 01 (20)
    • ►  May (395)
      • ►  May 31 (15)
      • ►  May 30 (25)
      • ►  May 29 (24)
      • ►  May 28 (26)
      • ►  May 27 (21)
      • ►  May 26 (23)
      • ►  May 25 (14)
      • ►  May 24 (7)
      • ►  May 23 (6)
      • ►  May 22 (4)
      • ►  May 21 (6)
      • ►  May 20 (2)
      • ►  May 19 (9)
      • ►  May 18 (8)
      • ►  May 17 (11)
      • ►  May 16 (8)
      • ►  May 15 (14)
      • ►  May 14 (15)
      • ►  May 13 (12)
      • ►  May 12 (10)
      • ►  May 11 (16)
      • ►  May 10 (10)
      • ►  May 09 (15)
      • ►  May 08 (12)
      • ►  May 07 (6)
      • ►  May 06 (8)
      • ►  May 05 (13)
      • ►  May 04 (14)
      • ►  May 03 (17)
      • ►  May 02 (12)
      • ►  May 01 (12)
    • ►  April (292)
      • ►  Apr 30 (13)
      • ►  Apr 29 (12)
      • ►  Apr 28 (19)
      • ►  Apr 27 (15)
      • ►  Apr 26 (18)
      • ►  Apr 25 (14)
      • ►  Apr 24 (24)
      • ►  Apr 23 (7)
      • ►  Apr 22 (21)
      • ►  Apr 21 (14)
      • ►  Apr 20 (10)
      • ►  Apr 19 (10)
      • ►  Apr 18 (12)
      • ►  Apr 17 (7)
      • ►  Apr 16 (8)
      • ►  Apr 15 (11)
      • ►  Apr 14 (9)
      • ►  Apr 13 (11)
      • ►  Apr 12 (12)
      • ►  Apr 11 (10)
      • ►  Apr 10 (13)
      • ►  Apr 09 (7)
      • ►  Apr 08 (10)
      • ►  Apr 07 (2)
      • ►  Apr 02 (1)
      • ►  Apr 01 (2)
    • ►  March (306)
      • ►  Mar 28 (1)
      • ►  Mar 27 (2)
      • ►  Mar 26 (3)
      • ►  Mar 25 (3)
      • ►  Mar 24 (5)
      • ►  Mar 22 (3)
      • ►  Mar 21 (3)
      • ►  Mar 20 (6)
      • ►  Mar 19 (17)
      • ►  Mar 18 (7)
      • ►  Mar 17 (23)
      • ►  Mar 16 (24)
      • ►  Mar 15 (18)
      • ►  Mar 14 (30)
      • ►  Mar 13 (24)
      • ►  Mar 12 (26)
      • ►  Mar 11 (13)
      • ►  Mar 10 (24)
      • ►  Mar 09 (22)
      • ►  Mar 08 (18)
      • ►  Mar 06 (9)
      • ►  Mar 05 (6)
      • ►  Mar 04 (7)
      • ►  Mar 03 (7)
      • ►  Mar 02 (3)
      • ►  Mar 01 (2)
    • ►  February (210)
      • ►  Feb 27 (1)
      • ►  Feb 26 (4)
      • ►  Feb 24 (12)
      • ►  Feb 23 (9)
      • ►  Feb 22 (9)
      • ►  Feb 21 (9)
      • ►  Feb 19 (4)
      • ►  Feb 16 (9)
      • ►  Feb 15 (2)
      • ►  Feb 14 (5)
      • ►  Feb 13 (1)
      • ►  Feb 12 (1)
      • ►  Feb 11 (13)
      • ►  Feb 10 (8)
      • ►  Feb 09 (12)
      • ►  Feb 08 (10)
      • ►  Feb 07 (19)
      • ►  Feb 06 (9)
      • ►  Feb 05 (18)
      • ►  Feb 04 (10)
      • ►  Feb 03 (13)
      • ►  Feb 02 (12)
      • ►  Feb 01 (20)
    • ►  January (216)
      • ►  Jan 31 (8)
      • ►  Jan 30 (11)
      • ►  Jan 29 (13)
      • ►  Jan 28 (7)
      • ►  Jan 27 (13)
      • ►  Jan 26 (13)
      • ►  Jan 25 (4)
      • ►  Jan 24 (2)
      • ►  Jan 23 (6)
      • ►  Jan 22 (7)
      • ►  Jan 21 (4)
      • ►  Jan 20 (5)
      • ►  Jan 19 (1)
      • ►  Jan 18 (3)
      • ►  Jan 17 (2)
      • ►  Jan 15 (1)
      • ►  Jan 14 (2)
      • ►  Jan 13 (13)
      • ►  Jan 12 (25)
      • ►  Jan 11 (13)
      • ►  Jan 10 (18)
      • ►  Jan 09 (18)
      • ►  Jan 07 (9)
      • ►  Jan 06 (2)
      • ►  Jan 05 (11)
      • ►  Jan 04 (3)
      • ►  Jan 03 (2)
  • ►  2022 (2401)
    • ►  December (115)
      • ►  Dec 31 (1)
      • ►  Dec 30 (2)
      • ►  Dec 10 (7)
      • ►  Dec 09 (8)
      • ►  Dec 08 (8)
      • ►  Dec 07 (12)
      • ►  Dec 06 (16)
      • ►  Dec 05 (11)
      • ►  Dec 04 (15)
      • ►  Dec 03 (15)
      • ►  Dec 02 (8)
      • ►  Dec 01 (12)
    • ►  November (498)
      • ►  Nov 30 (2)
      • ►  Nov 29 (11)
      • ►  Nov 28 (13)
      • ►  Nov 27 (1)
      • ►  Nov 26 (9)
      • ►  Nov 25 (13)
      • ►  Nov 24 (16)
      • ►  Nov 23 (8)
      • ►  Nov 22 (16)
      • ►  Nov 21 (21)
      • ►  Nov 20 (13)
      • ►  Nov 19 (24)
      • ►  Nov 18 (23)
      • ►  Nov 17 (28)
      • ►  Nov 16 (15)
      • ►  Nov 15 (22)
      • ►  Nov 14 (32)
      • ►  Nov 13 (20)
      • ►  Nov 12 (22)
      • ►  Nov 11 (30)
      • ►  Nov 10 (4)
      • ►  Nov 09 (21)
      • ►  Nov 08 (21)
      • ►  Nov 07 (21)
      • ►  Nov 06 (14)
      • ►  Nov 05 (19)
      • ►  Nov 04 (17)
      • ►  Nov 03 (14)
      • ►  Nov 02 (12)
      • ►  Nov 01 (16)
    • ►  October (272)
      • ►  Oct 31 (14)
      • ►  Oct 30 (12)
      • ►  Oct 29 (13)
      • ►  Oct 28 (9)
      • ►  Oct 27 (10)
      • ►  Oct 26 (6)
      • ►  Oct 25 (15)
      • ►  Oct 24 (11)
      • ►  Oct 23 (12)
      • ►  Oct 22 (9)
      • ►  Oct 21 (5)
      • ►  Oct 19 (5)
      • ►  Oct 18 (8)
      • ►  Oct 17 (4)
      • ►  Oct 16 (4)
      • ►  Oct 15 (10)
      • ►  Oct 14 (6)
      • ►  Oct 13 (8)
      • ►  Oct 12 (9)
      • ►  Oct 11 (14)
      • ►  Oct 10 (15)
      • ►  Oct 09 (9)
      • ►  Oct 08 (12)
      • ►  Oct 07 (14)
      • ►  Oct 06 (7)
      • ►  Oct 05 (13)
      • ►  Oct 04 (8)
      • ►  Oct 03 (10)
    • ►  September (149)
      • ►  Sep 30 (4)
      • ►  Sep 29 (6)
      • ►  Sep 28 (4)
      • ►  Sep 27 (3)
      • ►  Sep 26 (6)
      • ►  Sep 25 (1)
      • ►  Sep 24 (1)
      • ►  Sep 23 (6)
      • ►  Sep 22 (1)
      • ►  Sep 21 (6)
      • ►  Sep 20 (5)
      • ►  Sep 19 (6)
      • ►  Sep 17 (5)
      • ►  Sep 16 (2)
      • ►  Sep 15 (4)
      • ►  Sep 14 (6)
      • ►  Sep 13 (3)
      • ►  Sep 12 (5)
      • ►  Sep 11 (5)
      • ►  Sep 10 (4)
      • ►  Sep 09 (11)
      • ►  Sep 08 (6)
      • ►  Sep 07 (7)
      • ►  Sep 06 (6)
      • ►  Sep 05 (8)
      • ►  Sep 04 (5)
      • ►  Sep 03 (12)
      • ►  Sep 02 (2)
      • ►  Sep 01 (9)
    • ►  August (231)
      • ►  Aug 31 (7)
      • ►  Aug 30 (9)
      • ►  Aug 29 (8)
      • ►  Aug 28 (10)
      • ►  Aug 27 (6)
      • ►  Aug 26 (10)
      • ►  Aug 25 (9)
      • ►  Aug 24 (8)
      • ►  Aug 23 (12)
      • ►  Aug 22 (6)
      • ►  Aug 21 (4)
      • ►  Aug 20 (10)
      • ►  Aug 19 (12)
      • ►  Aug 18 (7)
      • ►  Aug 17 (10)
      • ►  Aug 16 (9)
      • ►  Aug 15 (10)
      • ►  Aug 14 (7)
      • ►  Aug 13 (9)
      • ►  Aug 12 (7)
      • ►  Aug 11 (8)
      • ►  Aug 10 (5)
      • ►  Aug 09 (7)
      • ►  Aug 08 (8)
      • ►  Aug 07 (9)
      • ►  Aug 06 (10)
      • ►  Aug 05 (10)
      • ►  Aug 04 (4)
    • ►  July (258)
      • ►  Jul 31 (1)
      • ►  Jul 30 (3)
      • ►  Jul 29 (3)
      • ►  Jul 28 (1)
      • ►  Jul 27 (5)
      • ►  Jul 26 (5)
      • ►  Jul 25 (4)
      • ►  Jul 24 (4)
      • ►  Jul 23 (6)
      • ►  Jul 22 (5)
      • ►  Jul 21 (2)
      • ►  Jul 20 (10)
      • ►  Jul 19 (5)
      • ►  Jul 18 (8)
      • ►  Jul 17 (1)
      • ►  Jul 15 (6)
      • ►  Jul 14 (11)
      • ►  Jul 13 (9)
      • ►  Jul 12 (8)
      • ►  Jul 11 (17)
      • ►  Jul 10 (16)
      • ►  Jul 09 (14)
      • ►  Jul 08 (18)
      • ►  Jul 07 (12)
      • ►  Jul 06 (12)
      • ►  Jul 05 (17)
      • ►  Jul 04 (13)
      • ►  Jul 03 (15)
      • ►  Jul 02 (12)
      • ►  Jul 01 (15)
    • ►  June (133)
      • ►  Jun 30 (10)
      • ►  Jun 29 (9)
      • ►  Jun 28 (9)
      • ►  Jun 27 (9)
      • ►  Jun 26 (11)
      • ►  Jun 25 (12)
      • ►  Jun 24 (12)
      • ►  Jun 23 (10)
      • ►  Jun 22 (10)
      • ►  Jun 21 (4)
      • ►  Jun 20 (3)
      • ►  Jun 19 (8)
      • ►  Jun 18 (2)
      • ►  Jun 17 (2)
      • ►  Jun 15 (3)
      • ►  Jun 14 (1)
      • ►  Jun 13 (1)
      • ►  Jun 07 (1)
      • ►  Jun 04 (5)
      • ►  Jun 03 (2)
      • ►  Jun 02 (7)
      • ►  Jun 01 (2)
    • ►  May (168)
      • ►  May 31 (1)
      • ►  May 30 (2)
      • ►  May 29 (1)
      • ►  May 28 (1)
      • ►  May 26 (4)
      • ►  May 24 (1)
      • ►  May 23 (1)
      • ►  May 21 (3)
      • ►  May 20 (3)
      • ►  May 19 (2)
      • ►  May 18 (5)
      • ►  May 17 (3)
      • ►  May 16 (5)
      • ►  May 15 (11)
      • ►  May 14 (7)
      • ►  May 13 (8)
      • ►  May 12 (8)
      • ►  May 11 (7)
      • ►  May 10 (10)
      • ►  May 09 (11)
      • ►  May 08 (14)
      • ►  May 07 (7)
      • ►  May 06 (9)
      • ►  May 05 (6)
      • ►  May 04 (12)
      • ►  May 03 (10)
      • ►  May 02 (7)
      • ►  May 01 (9)
    • ►  April (59)
      • ►  Apr 30 (8)
      • ►  Apr 29 (11)
      • ►  Apr 28 (3)
      • ►  Apr 27 (5)
      • ►  Apr 26 (4)
      • ►  Apr 23 (1)
      • ►  Apr 22 (1)
      • ►  Apr 16 (2)
      • ►  Apr 15 (1)
      • ►  Apr 14 (2)
      • ►  Apr 13 (1)
      • ►  Apr 11 (2)
      • ►  Apr 09 (1)
      • ►  Apr 08 (4)
      • ►  Apr 07 (1)
      • ►  Apr 06 (4)
      • ►  Apr 05 (7)
      • ►  Apr 04 (1)
    • ►  March (114)
      • ►  Mar 27 (1)
      • ►  Mar 26 (8)
      • ►  Mar 25 (1)
      • ►  Mar 23 (4)
      • ►  Mar 22 (4)
      • ►  Mar 21 (2)
      • ►  Mar 20 (8)
      • ►  Mar 17 (4)
      • ►  Mar 16 (1)
      • ►  Mar 15 (8)
      • ►  Mar 14 (1)
      • ►  Mar 13 (4)
      • ►  Mar 12 (6)
      • ►  Mar 11 (4)
      • ►  Mar 10 (6)
      • ►  Mar 09 (6)
      • ►  Mar 08 (12)
      • ►  Mar 07 (5)
      • ►  Mar 06 (3)
      • ►  Mar 05 (4)
      • ►  Mar 04 (2)
      • ►  Mar 03 (6)
      • ►  Mar 02 (6)
      • ►  Mar 01 (8)
    • ►  February (136)
      • ►  Feb 28 (3)
      • ►  Feb 27 (3)
      • ►  Feb 26 (4)
      • ►  Feb 25 (1)
      • ►  Feb 24 (1)
      • ►  Feb 23 (4)
      • ►  Feb 22 (6)
      • ►  Feb 21 (3)
      • ►  Feb 19 (4)
      • ►  Feb 18 (2)
      • ►  Feb 17 (4)
      • ►  Feb 16 (5)
      • ►  Feb 15 (7)
      • ►  Feb 14 (5)
      • ►  Feb 13 (6)
      • ►  Feb 12 (3)
      • ►  Feb 11 (7)
      • ►  Feb 10 (5)
      • ►  Feb 09 (4)
      • ►  Feb 08 (3)
      • ►  Feb 07 (2)
      • ►  Feb 06 (5)
      • ►  Feb 05 (6)
      • ►  Feb 04 (4)
      • ►  Feb 03 (11)
      • ►  Feb 02 (13)
      • ►  Feb 01 (15)
    • ►  January (268)
      • ►  Jan 31 (16)
      • ►  Jan 30 (21)
      • ►  Jan 29 (11)
      • ►  Jan 28 (14)
      • ►  Jan 27 (11)
      • ►  Jan 26 (14)
      • ►  Jan 25 (5)
      • ►  Jan 23 (1)
      • ►  Jan 22 (2)
      • ►  Jan 19 (2)
      • ►  Jan 17 (9)
      • ►  Jan 16 (3)
      • ►  Jan 14 (14)
      • ►  Jan 13 (5)
      • ►  Jan 12 (6)
      • ►  Jan 11 (8)
      • ►  Jan 10 (13)
      • ►  Jan 09 (4)
      • ►  Jan 08 (14)
      • ►  Jan 07 (9)
      • ►  Jan 06 (10)
      • ►  Jan 05 (15)
      • ►  Jan 04 (13)
      • ►  Jan 03 (14)
      • ►  Jan 02 (19)
      • ►  Jan 01 (15)
  • ►  2021 (3238)
    • ►  December (507)
      • ►  Dec 31 (10)
      • ►  Dec 30 (9)
      • ►  Dec 29 (14)
      • ►  Dec 28 (11)
      • ►  Dec 27 (18)
      • ►  Dec 26 (12)
      • ►  Dec 25 (18)
      • ►  Dec 24 (13)
      • ►  Dec 23 (13)
      • ►  Dec 22 (9)
      • ►  Dec 21 (6)
      • ►  Dec 20 (15)
      • ►  Dec 19 (12)
      • ►  Dec 18 (11)
      • ►  Dec 17 (19)
      • ►  Dec 16 (13)
      • ►  Dec 15 (22)
      • ►  Dec 14 (25)
      • ►  Dec 13 (23)
      • ►  Dec 12 (21)
      • ►  Dec 11 (21)
      • ►  Dec 10 (22)
      • ►  Dec 09 (18)
      • ►  Dec 08 (23)
      • ►  Dec 07 (25)
      • ►  Dec 06 (19)
      • ►  Dec 05 (11)
      • ►  Dec 04 (20)
      • ►  Dec 03 (19)
      • ►  Dec 02 (25)
      • ►  Dec 01 (10)
    • ►  November (305)
      • ►  Nov 30 (16)
      • ►  Nov 29 (20)
      • ►  Nov 28 (11)
      • ►  Nov 27 (16)
      • ►  Nov 26 (17)
      • ►  Nov 25 (20)
      • ►  Nov 24 (14)
      • ►  Nov 23 (15)
      • ►  Nov 22 (16)
      • ►  Nov 21 (16)
      • ►  Nov 20 (16)
      • ►  Nov 19 (11)
      • ►  Nov 18 (12)
      • ►  Nov 17 (10)
      • ►  Nov 16 (13)
      • ►  Nov 15 (9)
      • ►  Nov 14 (6)
      • ►  Nov 13 (5)
      • ►  Nov 12 (10)
      • ►  Nov 11 (3)
      • ►  Nov 10 (6)
      • ►  Nov 09 (7)
      • ►  Nov 08 (2)
      • ►  Nov 07 (1)
      • ►  Nov 06 (5)
      • ►  Nov 05 (4)
      • ►  Nov 04 (2)
      • ►  Nov 03 (5)
      • ►  Nov 02 (3)
      • ►  Nov 01 (14)
    • ►  October (238)
      • ►  Oct 31 (16)
      • ►  Oct 30 (6)
      • ►  Oct 29 (13)
      • ►  Oct 28 (16)
      • ►  Oct 27 (10)
      • ►  Oct 26 (8)
      • ►  Oct 25 (8)
      • ►  Oct 24 (5)
      • ►  Oct 23 (11)
      • ►  Oct 22 (5)
      • ►  Oct 21 (12)
      • ►  Oct 20 (4)
      • ►  Oct 19 (2)
      • ►  Oct 18 (2)
      • ►  Oct 17 (2)
      • ►  Oct 16 (1)
      • ►  Oct 15 (4)
      • ►  Oct 12 (2)
      • ►  Oct 11 (4)
      • ►  Oct 10 (9)
      • ►  Oct 09 (13)
      • ►  Oct 08 (4)
      • ►  Oct 07 (6)
      • ►  Oct 06 (6)
      • ►  Oct 05 (9)
      • ►  Oct 04 (12)
      • ►  Oct 03 (12)
      • ►  Oct 02 (20)
      • ►  Oct 01 (16)
    • ►  September (358)
      • ►  Sep 30 (16)
      • ►  Sep 29 (18)
      • ►  Sep 28 (10)
      • ►  Sep 27 (17)
      • ►  Sep 26 (11)
      • ►  Sep 25 (15)
      • ►  Sep 24 (11)
      • ►  Sep 23 (12)
      • ►  Sep 22 (7)
      • ►  Sep 21 (8)
      • ►  Sep 20 (19)
      • ►  Sep 19 (14)
      • ►  Sep 18 (16)
      • ►  Sep 17 (17)
      • ►  Sep 16 (20)
      • ►  Sep 15 (17)
      • ►  Sep 14 (8)
      • ►  Sep 13 (19)
      • ►  Sep 12 (13)
      • ►  Sep 11 (11)
      • ►  Sep 10 (10)
      • ►  Sep 09 (13)
      • ►  Sep 08 (8)
      • ►  Sep 07 (9)
      • ►  Sep 06 (6)
      • ►  Sep 05 (10)
      • ►  Sep 04 (8)
      • ►  Sep 03 (6)
      • ►  Sep 02 (4)
      • ►  Sep 01 (5)
    • ►  August (213)
      • ►  Aug 31 (6)
      • ►  Aug 30 (10)
      • ►  Aug 29 (4)
      • ►  Aug 26 (3)
      • ►  Aug 25 (2)
      • ►  Aug 23 (4)
      • ►  Aug 22 (2)
      • ►  Aug 21 (10)
      • ►  Aug 20 (12)
      • ►  Aug 19 (10)
      • ►  Aug 18 (13)
      • ►  Aug 17 (8)
      • ►  Aug 16 (12)
      • ►  Aug 15 (15)
      • ►  Aug 14 (12)
      • ►  Aug 13 (10)
      • ►  Aug 12 (3)
      • ►  Aug 11 (7)
      • ►  Aug 10 (7)
      • ►  Aug 09 (5)
      • ►  Aug 08 (7)
      • ►  Aug 07 (9)
      • ►  Aug 06 (9)
      • ►  Aug 05 (6)
      • ►  Aug 04 (5)
      • ►  Aug 03 (4)
      • ►  Aug 02 (6)
      • ►  Aug 01 (12)
    • ►  July (213)
      • ►  Jul 31 (18)
      • ►  Jul 30 (7)
      • ►  Jul 29 (17)
      • ►  Jul 28 (16)
      • ►  Jul 27 (6)
      • ►  Jul 25 (1)
      • ►  Jul 24 (7)
      • ►  Jul 23 (5)
      • ►  Jul 22 (13)
      • ►  Jul 21 (3)
      • ►  Jul 20 (8)
      • ►  Jul 19 (11)
      • ►  Jul 18 (9)
      • ►  Jul 17 (6)
      • ►  Jul 16 (16)
      • ►  Jul 15 (7)
      • ►  Jul 14 (8)
      • ►  Jul 13 (8)
      • ►  Jul 12 (5)
      • ►  Jul 11 (1)
      • ►  Jul 09 (4)
      • ►  Jul 08 (3)
      • ►  Jul 07 (1)
      • ►  Jul 05 (1)
      • ►  Jul 04 (2)
      • ►  Jul 03 (8)
      • ►  Jul 02 (5)
      • ►  Jul 01 (17)
    • ►  June (292)
      • ►  Jun 30 (13)
      • ►  Jun 29 (19)
      • ►  Jun 28 (17)
      • ►  Jun 27 (12)
      • ►  Jun 26 (27)
      • ►  Jun 25 (18)
      • ►  Jun 24 (11)
      • ►  Jun 23 (12)
      • ►  Jun 22 (11)
      • ►  Jun 21 (16)
      • ►  Jun 20 (7)
      • ►  Jun 19 (9)
      • ►  Jun 18 (14)
      • ►  Jun 17 (7)
      • ►  Jun 16 (11)
      • ►  Jun 15 (9)
      • ►  Jun 14 (12)
      • ►  Jun 13 (2)
      • ►  Jun 12 (4)
      • ►  Jun 11 (8)
      • ►  Jun 10 (6)
      • ►  Jun 09 (2)
      • ►  Jun 08 (5)
      • ►  Jun 07 (4)
      • ►  Jun 06 (3)
      • ►  Jun 05 (4)
      • ►  Jun 04 (4)
      • ►  Jun 03 (8)
      • ►  Jun 02 (6)
      • ►  Jun 01 (11)
    • ►  May (302)
      • ►  May 31 (14)
      • ►  May 30 (21)
      • ►  May 29 (11)
      • ►  May 28 (21)
      • ►  May 27 (8)
      • ►  May 26 (5)
      • ►  May 25 (11)
      • ►  May 24 (13)
      • ►  May 23 (5)
      • ►  May 22 (13)
      • ►  May 21 (8)
      • ►  May 20 (8)
      • ►  May 19 (8)
      • ►  May 18 (11)
      • ►  May 17 (12)
      • ►  May 16 (17)
      • ►  May 15 (13)
      • ►  May 14 (10)
      • ►  May 13 (8)
      • ►  May 12 (16)
      • ►  May 11 (11)
      • ►  May 10 (16)
      • ►  May 09 (9)
      • ►  May 08 (7)
      • ►  May 07 (5)
      • ►  May 06 (7)
      • ►  May 05 (1)
      • ►  May 04 (1)
      • ►  May 03 (3)
      • ►  May 02 (1)
      • ►  May 01 (8)
    • ►  April (398)
      • ►  Apr 30 (7)
      • ►  Apr 29 (6)
      • ►  Apr 28 (11)
      • ►  Apr 27 (5)
      • ►  Apr 26 (21)
      • ►  Apr 25 (18)
      • ►  Apr 24 (16)
      • ►  Apr 23 (21)
      • ►  Apr 22 (19)
      • ►  Apr 21 (14)
      • ►  Apr 20 (16)
      • ►  Apr 19 (25)
      • ►  Apr 18 (11)
      • ►  Apr 17 (3)
      • ►  Apr 16 (9)
      • ►  Apr 15 (8)
      • ►  Apr 14 (11)
      • ►  Apr 13 (19)
      • ►  Apr 12 (9)
      • ►  Apr 11 (15)
      • ►  Apr 10 (11)
      • ►  Apr 09 (14)
      • ►  Apr 08 (15)
      • ►  Apr 07 (15)
      • ►  Apr 06 (13)
      • ►  Apr 05 (12)
      • ►  Apr 04 (14)
      • ►  Apr 03 (17)
      • ►  Apr 02 (16)
      • ►  Apr 01 (7)
    • ►  March (330)
      • ►  Mar 31 (7)
      • ►  Mar 30 (8)
      • ►  Mar 29 (11)
      • ►  Mar 28 (16)
      • ►  Mar 27 (10)
      • ►  Mar 26 (12)
      • ►  Mar 25 (19)
      • ►  Mar 24 (14)
      • ►  Mar 23 (14)
      • ►  Mar 22 (11)
      • ►  Mar 21 (12)
      • ►  Mar 20 (14)
      • ►  Mar 19 (15)
      • ►  Mar 18 (17)
      • ►  Mar 17 (4)
      • ►  Mar 16 (12)
      • ►  Mar 15 (18)
      • ►  Mar 14 (9)
      • ►  Mar 13 (12)
      • ►  Mar 12 (12)
      • ►  Mar 11 (14)
      • ►  Mar 10 (7)
      • ►  Mar 09 (7)
      • ►  Mar 08 (11)
      • ►  Mar 07 (9)
      • ►  Mar 06 (7)
      • ►  Mar 05 (9)
      • ►  Mar 04 (4)
      • ►  Mar 03 (5)
      • ►  Mar 02 (5)
      • ►  Mar 01 (5)
    • ►  February (76)
      • ►  Feb 28 (8)
      • ►  Feb 27 (11)
      • ►  Feb 26 (4)
      • ►  Feb 25 (4)
      • ►  Feb 24 (1)
      • ►  Feb 23 (3)
      • ►  Feb 22 (2)
      • ►  Feb 21 (1)
      • ►  Feb 20 (3)
      • ►  Feb 19 (3)
      • ►  Feb 18 (4)
      • ►  Feb 17 (8)
      • ►  Feb 16 (2)
      • ►  Feb 15 (6)
      • ►  Feb 14 (1)
      • ►  Feb 13 (3)
      • ►  Feb 12 (5)
      • ►  Feb 10 (2)
      • ►  Feb 08 (1)
      • ►  Feb 06 (1)
      • ►  Feb 05 (2)
      • ►  Feb 02 (1)
    • ►  January (6)
      • ►  Jan 31 (1)
      • ►  Jan 24 (1)
      • ►  Jan 15 (1)
      • ►  Jan 14 (3)
  • ►  2020 (2688)
    • ►  December (67)
      • ►  Dec 29 (1)
      • ►  Dec 28 (3)
      • ►  Dec 27 (1)
      • ►  Dec 23 (5)
      • ►  Dec 21 (4)
      • ►  Dec 19 (1)
      • ►  Dec 18 (2)
      • ►  Dec 11 (1)
      • ►  Dec 10 (6)
      • ►  Dec 09 (15)
      • ►  Dec 08 (8)
      • ►  Dec 07 (10)
      • ►  Dec 06 (5)
      • ►  Dec 05 (5)
    • ►  November (141)
      • ►  Nov 30 (5)
      • ►  Nov 29 (5)
      • ►  Nov 28 (1)
      • ►  Nov 27 (8)
      • ►  Nov 26 (20)
      • ►  Nov 25 (9)
      • ►  Nov 24 (11)
      • ►  Nov 23 (9)
      • ►  Nov 22 (11)
      • ►  Nov 21 (12)
      • ►  Nov 20 (3)
      • ►  Nov 19 (10)
      • ►  Nov 18 (7)
      • ►  Nov 17 (8)
      • ►  Nov 16 (2)
      • ►  Nov 15 (4)
      • ►  Nov 14 (8)
      • ►  Nov 13 (4)
      • ►  Nov 12 (2)
      • ►  Nov 10 (1)
      • ►  Nov 02 (1)
    • ►  October (190)
      • ►  Oct 26 (1)
      • ►  Oct 25 (4)
      • ►  Oct 24 (19)
      • ►  Oct 23 (16)
      • ►  Oct 22 (2)
      • ►  Oct 21 (1)
      • ►  Oct 20 (1)
      • ►  Oct 16 (2)
      • ►  Oct 11 (11)
      • ►  Oct 10 (8)
      • ►  Oct 09 (14)
      • ►  Oct 08 (18)
      • ►  Oct 07 (9)
      • ►  Oct 06 (17)
      • ►  Oct 05 (17)
      • ►  Oct 04 (4)
      • ►  Oct 03 (14)
      • ►  Oct 02 (13)
      • ►  Oct 01 (19)
    • ►  September (371)
      • ►  Sep 30 (12)
      • ►  Sep 29 (11)
      • ►  Sep 28 (14)
      • ►  Sep 27 (14)
      • ►  Sep 26 (13)
      • ►  Sep 25 (25)
      • ►  Sep 24 (30)
      • ►  Sep 23 (16)
      • ►  Sep 22 (11)
      • ►  Sep 21 (18)
      • ►  Sep 20 (16)
      • ►  Sep 19 (23)
      • ►  Sep 18 (22)
      • ►  Sep 17 (15)
      • ►  Sep 16 (11)
      • ►  Sep 15 (13)
      • ►  Sep 14 (9)
      • ►  Sep 13 (11)
      • ►  Sep 12 (9)
      • ►  Sep 11 (6)
      • ►  Sep 10 (1)
      • ►  Sep 09 (9)
      • ►  Sep 08 (14)
      • ►  Sep 07 (7)
      • ►  Sep 06 (13)
      • ►  Sep 05 (8)
      • ►  Sep 04 (6)
      • ►  Sep 03 (1)
      • ►  Sep 02 (3)
      • ►  Sep 01 (10)
    • ►  August (112)
      • ►  Aug 31 (12)
      • ►  Aug 30 (2)
      • ►  Aug 29 (7)
      • ►  Aug 28 (2)
      • ►  Aug 27 (1)
      • ►  Aug 26 (1)
      • ►  Aug 24 (2)
      • ►  Aug 23 (2)
      • ►  Aug 21 (3)
      • ►  Aug 20 (4)
      • ►  Aug 19 (8)
      • ►  Aug 18 (5)
      • ►  Aug 17 (4)
      • ►  Aug 16 (6)
      • ►  Aug 15 (4)
      • ►  Aug 14 (1)
      • ►  Aug 13 (2)
      • ►  Aug 12 (4)
      • ►  Aug 11 (5)
      • ►  Aug 10 (7)
      • ►  Aug 09 (8)
      • ►  Aug 08 (4)
      • ►  Aug 07 (1)
      • ►  Aug 06 (5)
      • ►  Aug 05 (2)
      • ►  Aug 04 (1)
      • ►  Aug 03 (4)
      • ►  Aug 02 (1)
      • ►  Aug 01 (4)
    • ►  July (227)
      • ►  Jul 30 (3)
      • ►  Jul 29 (6)
      • ►  Jul 28 (2)
      • ►  Jul 27 (1)
      • ►  Jul 26 (7)
      • ►  Jul 25 (3)
      • ►  Jul 24 (3)
      • ►  Jul 23 (14)
      • ►  Jul 22 (1)
      • ►  Jul 21 (12)
      • ►  Jul 20 (8)
      • ►  Jul 19 (10)
      • ►  Jul 18 (12)
      • ►  Jul 17 (4)
      • ►  Jul 16 (12)
      • ►  Jul 15 (12)
      • ►  Jul 14 (8)
      • ►  Jul 13 (13)
      • ►  Jul 12 (8)
      • ►  Jul 11 (14)
      • ►  Jul 10 (7)
      • ►  Jul 09 (9)
      • ►  Jul 08 (7)
      • ►  Jul 07 (10)
      • ►  Jul 06 (8)
      • ►  Jul 05 (8)
      • ►  Jul 04 (8)
      • ►  Jul 03 (6)
      • ►  Jul 02 (4)
      • ►  Jul 01 (7)
    • ►  June (243)
      • ►  Jun 30 (5)
      • ►  Jun 29 (3)
      • ►  Jun 28 (4)
      • ►  Jun 27 (6)
      • ►  Jun 26 (4)
      • ►  Jun 25 (2)
      • ►  Jun 24 (3)
      • ►  Jun 23 (5)
      • ►  Jun 22 (6)
      • ►  Jun 20 (5)
      • ►  Jun 19 (6)
      • ►  Jun 18 (5)
      • ►  Jun 17 (16)
      • ►  Jun 16 (17)
      • ►  Jun 15 (8)
      • ►  Jun 14 (11)
      • ►  Jun 13 (8)
      • ►  Jun 12 (11)
      • ►  Jun 11 (6)
      • ►  Jun 10 (15)
      • ►  Jun 09 (6)
      • ►  Jun 08 (20)
      • ►  Jun 07 (10)
      • ►  Jun 06 (11)
      • ►  Jun 05 (13)
      • ►  Jun 04 (12)
      • ►  Jun 03 (11)
      • ►  Jun 02 (6)
      • ►  Jun 01 (8)
    • ►  May (405)
      • ►  May 31 (8)
      • ►  May 30 (6)
      • ►  May 29 (16)
      • ►  May 28 (10)
      • ►  May 27 (15)
      • ►  May 26 (18)
      • ►  May 25 (14)
      • ►  May 24 (23)
      • ►  May 23 (15)
      • ►  May 22 (21)
      • ►  May 21 (13)
      • ►  May 20 (22)
      • ►  May 19 (25)
      • ►  May 18 (17)
      • ►  May 17 (21)
      • ►  May 16 (10)
      • ►  May 15 (12)
      • ►  May 14 (22)
      • ►  May 13 (13)
      • ►  May 12 (14)
      • ►  May 11 (10)
      • ►  May 10 (8)
      • ►  May 09 (15)
      • ►  May 08 (17)
      • ►  May 07 (1)
      • ►  May 06 (3)
      • ►  May 05 (11)
      • ►  May 04 (11)
      • ►  May 03 (7)
      • ►  May 02 (2)
      • ►  May 01 (5)
    • ►  April (183)
      • ►  Apr 30 (10)
      • ►  Apr 29 (6)
      • ►  Apr 28 (7)
      • ►  Apr 27 (9)
      • ►  Apr 26 (8)
      • ►  Apr 25 (10)
      • ►  Apr 24 (8)
      • ►  Apr 23 (10)
      • ►  Apr 22 (4)
      • ►  Apr 21 (10)
      • ►  Apr 20 (9)
      • ►  Apr 19 (10)
      • ►  Apr 18 (22)
      • ►  Apr 17 (8)
      • ►  Apr 16 (8)
      • ►  Apr 15 (5)
      • ►  Apr 14 (2)
      • ►  Apr 13 (4)
      • ►  Apr 12 (1)
      • ►  Apr 11 (7)
      • ►  Apr 10 (8)
      • ►  Apr 09 (1)
      • ►  Apr 07 (3)
      • ►  Apr 06 (1)
      • ►  Apr 03 (3)
      • ►  Apr 02 (3)
      • ►  Apr 01 (6)
    • ►  March (208)
      • ►  Mar 31 (10)
      • ►  Mar 30 (9)
      • ►  Mar 29 (4)
      • ►  Mar 28 (3)
      • ►  Mar 27 (11)
      • ►  Mar 26 (5)
      • ►  Mar 25 (5)
      • ►  Mar 24 (7)
      • ►  Mar 23 (5)
      • ►  Mar 22 (7)
      • ►  Mar 21 (7)
      • ►  Mar 20 (9)
      • ►  Mar 19 (8)
      • ►  Mar 18 (3)
      • ►  Mar 17 (1)
      • ►  Mar 16 (1)
      • ►  Mar 14 (5)
      • ►  Mar 13 (8)
      • ►  Mar 12 (11)
      • ►  Mar 11 (9)
      • ►  Mar 10 (6)
      • ►  Mar 09 (10)
      • ►  Mar 08 (8)
      • ►  Mar 07 (10)
      • ►  Mar 06 (7)
      • ►  Mar 05 (11)
      • ►  Mar 04 (15)
      • ►  Mar 03 (9)
      • ►  Mar 02 (4)
    • ►  February (255)
      • ►  Feb 28 (6)
      • ►  Feb 27 (7)
      • ►  Feb 26 (6)
      • ►  Feb 25 (5)
      • ►  Feb 24 (12)
      • ►  Feb 22 (9)
      • ►  Feb 21 (11)
      • ►  Feb 20 (9)
      • ►  Feb 19 (9)
      • ►  Feb 18 (4)
      • ►  Feb 17 (9)
      • ►  Feb 16 (9)
      • ►  Feb 15 (12)
      • ►  Feb 14 (15)
      • ►  Feb 13 (13)
      • ►  Feb 12 (10)
      • ►  Feb 11 (12)
      • ►  Feb 10 (14)
      • ►  Feb 09 (7)
      • ►  Feb 08 (8)
      • ►  Feb 07 (11)
      • ►  Feb 06 (8)
      • ►  Feb 05 (14)
      • ►  Feb 04 (7)
      • ►  Feb 03 (12)
      • ►  Feb 02 (12)
      • ►  Feb 01 (4)
    • ►  January (286)
      • ►  Jan 31 (10)
      • ►  Jan 30 (12)
      • ►  Jan 29 (10)
      • ►  Jan 28 (6)
      • ►  Jan 27 (11)
      • ►  Jan 26 (11)
      • ►  Jan 25 (11)
      • ►  Jan 24 (13)
      • ►  Jan 23 (17)
      • ►  Jan 22 (6)
      • ►  Jan 21 (10)
      • ►  Jan 20 (9)
      • ►  Jan 19 (12)
      • ►  Jan 18 (6)
      • ►  Jan 17 (11)
      • ►  Jan 16 (6)
      • ►  Jan 15 (7)
      • ►  Jan 14 (8)
      • ►  Jan 13 (10)
      • ►  Jan 12 (9)
      • ►  Jan 11 (1)
      • ►  Jan 10 (11)
      • ►  Jan 09 (9)
      • ►  Jan 08 (10)
      • ►  Jan 07 (13)
      • ►  Jan 06 (5)
      • ►  Jan 05 (11)
      • ►  Jan 04 (8)
      • ►  Jan 03 (6)
      • ►  Jan 02 (11)
      • ►  Jan 01 (6)
  • ►  2019 (3306)
    • ►  December (344)
      • ►  Dec 31 (13)
      • ►  Dec 30 (9)
      • ►  Dec 29 (10)
      • ►  Dec 28 (15)
      • ►  Dec 27 (10)
      • ►  Dec 26 (6)
      • ►  Dec 25 (13)
      • ►  Dec 24 (10)
      • ►  Dec 23 (13)
      • ►  Dec 22 (9)
      • ►  Dec 21 (13)
      • ►  Dec 20 (14)
      • ►  Dec 19 (10)
      • ►  Dec 18 (12)
      • ►  Dec 17 (13)
      • ►  Dec 16 (16)
      • ►  Dec 15 (11)
      • ►  Dec 14 (19)
      • ►  Dec 13 (10)
      • ►  Dec 12 (15)
      • ►  Dec 11 (10)
      • ►  Dec 10 (9)
      • ►  Dec 09 (12)
      • ►  Dec 08 (9)
      • ►  Dec 07 (10)
      • ►  Dec 06 (7)
      • ►  Dec 05 (10)
      • ►  Dec 04 (8)
      • ►  Dec 03 (11)
      • ►  Dec 02 (10)
      • ►  Dec 01 (7)
    • ►  November (197)
      • ►  Nov 30 (13)
      • ►  Nov 29 (14)
      • ►  Nov 28 (11)
      • ►  Nov 27 (9)
      • ►  Nov 26 (5)
      • ►  Nov 25 (3)
      • ►  Nov 24 (11)
      • ►  Nov 23 (2)
      • ►  Nov 22 (7)
      • ►  Nov 21 (4)
      • ►  Nov 20 (4)
      • ►  Nov 19 (2)
      • ►  Nov 18 (7)
      • ►  Nov 17 (3)
      • ►  Nov 16 (9)
      • ►  Nov 15 (1)
      • ►  Nov 14 (3)
      • ►  Nov 13 (14)
      • ►  Nov 12 (2)
      • ►  Nov 11 (5)
      • ►  Nov 10 (5)
      • ►  Nov 09 (4)
      • ►  Nov 08 (11)
      • ►  Nov 07 (3)
      • ►  Nov 06 (9)
      • ►  Nov 05 (7)
      • ►  Nov 04 (2)
      • ►  Nov 03 (7)
      • ►  Nov 02 (10)
      • ►  Nov 01 (10)
    • ►  October (154)
      • ►  Oct 31 (7)
      • ►  Oct 30 (8)
      • ►  Oct 29 (5)
      • ►  Oct 28 (12)
      • ►  Oct 27 (5)
      • ►  Oct 26 (12)
      • ►  Oct 25 (7)
      • ►  Oct 24 (7)
      • ►  Oct 23 (5)
      • ►  Oct 22 (14)
      • ►  Oct 21 (9)
      • ►  Oct 20 (8)
      • ►  Oct 19 (4)
      • ►  Oct 18 (2)
      • ►  Oct 17 (5)
      • ►  Oct 16 (3)
      • ►  Oct 15 (9)
      • ►  Oct 14 (7)
      • ►  Oct 13 (4)
      • ►  Oct 12 (5)
      • ►  Oct 10 (2)
      • ►  Oct 09 (10)
      • ►  Oct 07 (2)
      • ►  Oct 05 (1)
      • ►  Oct 02 (1)
    • ►  September (67)
      • ►  Sep 30 (3)
      • ►  Sep 29 (1)
      • ►  Sep 28 (2)
      • ►  Sep 27 (2)
      • ►  Sep 26 (4)
      • ►  Sep 25 (3)
      • ►  Sep 22 (3)
      • ►  Sep 21 (6)
      • ►  Sep 19 (1)
      • ►  Sep 18 (3)
      • ►  Sep 16 (3)
      • ►  Sep 15 (2)
      • ►  Sep 14 (4)
      • ►  Sep 13 (1)
      • ►  Sep 11 (1)
      • ►  Sep 09 (4)
      • ►  Sep 08 (4)
      • ►  Sep 07 (1)
      • ►  Sep 06 (6)
      • ►  Sep 04 (3)
      • ►  Sep 03 (6)
      • ►  Sep 01 (4)
    • ►  August (84)
      • ►  Aug 26 (2)
      • ►  Aug 25 (2)
      • ►  Aug 24 (2)
      • ►  Aug 23 (1)
      • ►  Aug 22 (3)
      • ►  Aug 21 (2)
      • ►  Aug 19 (1)
      • ►  Aug 18 (2)
      • ►  Aug 17 (1)
      • ►  Aug 14 (1)
      • ►  Aug 13 (1)
      • ►  Aug 12 (5)
      • ►  Aug 11 (4)
      • ►  Aug 10 (7)
      • ►  Aug 09 (2)
      • ►  Aug 08 (2)
      • ►  Aug 07 (5)
      • ►  Aug 06 (6)
      • ►  Aug 05 (3)
      • ►  Aug 04 (5)
      • ►  Aug 03 (9)
      • ►  Aug 02 (8)
      • ►  Aug 01 (10)
    • ►  July (217)
      • ►  Jul 31 (6)
      • ►  Jul 29 (10)
      • ►  Jul 28 (5)
      • ►  Jul 27 (10)
      • ►  Jul 25 (7)
      • ►  Jul 24 (11)
      • ►  Jul 23 (8)
      • ►  Jul 22 (4)
      • ►  Jul 21 (17)
      • ►  Jul 20 (7)
      • ►  Jul 19 (11)
      • ►  Jul 18 (9)
      • ►  Jul 17 (7)
      • ►  Jul 16 (10)
      • ►  Jul 15 (6)
      • ►  Jul 14 (6)
      • ►  Jul 13 (15)
      • ►  Jul 12 (12)
      • ►  Jul 11 (3)
      • ►  Jul 10 (7)
      • ►  Jul 09 (2)
      • ►  Jul 08 (2)
      • ►  Jul 07 (7)
      • ►  Jul 06 (9)
      • ►  Jul 04 (11)
      • ►  Jul 03 (2)
      • ►  Jul 02 (4)
      • ►  Jul 01 (9)
    • ►  June (260)
      • ►  Jun 30 (7)
      • ►  Jun 29 (15)
      • ►  Jun 28 (4)
      • ►  Jun 27 (2)
      • ►  Jun 26 (6)
      • ►  Jun 25 (2)
      • ►  Jun 24 (10)
      • ►  Jun 23 (10)
      • ►  Jun 22 (8)
      • ►  Jun 21 (12)
      • ►  Jun 20 (8)
      • ►  Jun 19 (8)
      • ►  Jun 18 (12)
      • ►  Jun 17 (7)
      • ►  Jun 16 (7)
      • ►  Jun 15 (10)
      • ►  Jun 14 (11)
      • ►  Jun 13 (1)
      • ►  Jun 11 (2)
      • ►  Jun 10 (13)
      • ►  Jun 09 (16)
      • ►  Jun 08 (10)
      • ►  Jun 07 (16)
      • ►  Jun 06 (11)
      • ►  Jun 05 (17)
      • ►  Jun 04 (6)
      • ►  Jun 03 (13)
      • ►  Jun 02 (4)
      • ►  Jun 01 (12)
    • ►  May (426)
      • ►  May 31 (22)
      • ►  May 30 (14)
      • ►  May 29 (7)
      • ►  May 28 (16)
      • ►  May 27 (8)
      • ►  May 26 (9)
      • ►  May 25 (25)
      • ►  May 24 (10)
      • ►  May 23 (10)
      • ►  May 22 (13)
      • ►  May 21 (11)
      • ►  May 20 (16)
      • ►  May 19 (26)
      • ►  May 18 (8)
      • ►  May 17 (17)
      • ►  May 16 (11)
      • ►  May 15 (3)
      • ►  May 14 (17)
      • ►  May 13 (17)
      • ►  May 12 (14)
      • ►  May 11 (13)
      • ►  May 10 (18)
      • ►  May 09 (15)
      • ►  May 08 (12)
      • ►  May 07 (8)
      • ►  May 06 (12)
      • ►  May 05 (12)
      • ►  May 04 (13)
      • ►  May 03 (13)
      • ►  May 02 (16)
      • ►  May 01 (20)
    • ►  April (356)
      • ►  Apr 30 (9)
      • ►  Apr 29 (10)
      • ►  Apr 28 (11)
      • ►  Apr 27 (11)
      • ►  Apr 26 (15)
      • ►  Apr 25 (9)
      • ►  Apr 24 (12)
      • ►  Apr 23 (15)
      • ►  Apr 22 (12)
      • ►  Apr 21 (15)
      • ►  Apr 20 (13)
      • ►  Apr 19 (9)
      • ►  Apr 18 (14)
      • ►  Apr 17 (11)
      • ►  Apr 16 (8)
      • ►  Apr 15 (15)
      • ►  Apr 14 (6)
      • ►  Apr 13 (8)
      • ►  Apr 12 (10)
      • ►  Apr 11 (17)
      • ►  Apr 10 (12)
      • ►  Apr 09 (8)
      • ►  Apr 08 (13)
      • ►  Apr 07 (18)
      • ►  Apr 06 (11)
      • ►  Apr 05 (12)
      • ►  Apr 04 (16)
      • ►  Apr 03 (12)
      • ►  Apr 02 (12)
      • ►  Apr 01 (12)
    • ►  March (419)
      • ►  Mar 31 (13)
      • ►  Mar 30 (17)
      • ►  Mar 29 (13)
      • ►  Mar 28 (14)
      • ►  Mar 27 (17)
      • ►  Mar 26 (12)
      • ►  Mar 25 (9)
      • ►  Mar 24 (13)
      • ►  Mar 23 (13)
      • ►  Mar 22 (12)
      • ►  Mar 21 (12)
      • ►  Mar 20 (12)
      • ►  Mar 19 (12)
      • ►  Mar 18 (12)
      • ►  Mar 17 (12)
      • ►  Mar 16 (17)
      • ►  Mar 15 (13)
      • ►  Mar 14 (16)
      • ►  Mar 13 (8)
      • ►  Mar 12 (12)
      • ►  Mar 11 (11)
      • ►  Mar 10 (12)
      • ►  Mar 09 (15)
      • ►  Mar 08 (11)
      • ►  Mar 07 (19)
      • ►  Mar 06 (26)
      • ►  Mar 05 (14)
      • ►  Mar 04 (14)
      • ►  Mar 03 (12)
      • ►  Mar 02 (12)
      • ►  Mar 01 (14)
    • ►  February (375)
      • ►  Feb 28 (11)
      • ►  Feb 27 (10)
      • ►  Feb 26 (8)
      • ►  Feb 25 (11)
      • ►  Feb 24 (11)
      • ►  Feb 23 (5)
      • ►  Feb 22 (14)
      • ►  Feb 21 (13)
      • ►  Feb 20 (17)
      • ►  Feb 19 (14)
      • ►  Feb 18 (15)
      • ►  Feb 17 (12)
      • ►  Feb 16 (14)
      • ►  Feb 15 (14)
      • ►  Feb 14 (15)
      • ►  Feb 13 (20)
      • ►  Feb 12 (11)
      • ►  Feb 11 (21)
      • ►  Feb 10 (12)
      • ►  Feb 09 (18)
      • ►  Feb 08 (20)
      • ►  Feb 07 (13)
      • ►  Feb 06 (12)
      • ►  Feb 05 (14)
      • ►  Feb 04 (17)
      • ►  Feb 03 (8)
      • ►  Feb 02 (11)
      • ►  Feb 01 (14)
    • ►  January (407)
      • ►  Jan 31 (15)
      • ►  Jan 30 (11)
      • ►  Jan 29 (5)
      • ►  Jan 28 (19)
      • ►  Jan 27 (15)
      • ►  Jan 26 (13)
      • ►  Jan 25 (15)
      • ►  Jan 24 (13)
      • ►  Jan 23 (15)
      • ►  Jan 22 (10)
      • ►  Jan 21 (10)
      • ►  Jan 20 (18)
      • ►  Jan 19 (18)
      • ►  Jan 18 (7)
      • ►  Jan 17 (14)
      • ►  Jan 16 (17)
      • ►  Jan 15 (12)
      • ►  Jan 14 (14)
      • ►  Jan 13 (19)
      • ►  Jan 12 (8)
      • ►  Jan 11 (15)
      • ►  Jan 10 (9)
      • ►  Jan 09 (13)
      • ►  Jan 08 (12)
      • ►  Jan 07 (12)
      • ►  Jan 06 (15)
      • ►  Jan 05 (25)
      • ►  Jan 04 (11)
      • ►  Jan 03 (7)
      • ►  Jan 02 (12)
      • ►  Jan 01 (8)
  • ►  2018 (2910)
    • ►  December (343)
      • ►  Dec 31 (10)
      • ►  Dec 30 (14)
      • ►  Dec 29 (10)
      • ►  Dec 28 (7)
      • ►  Dec 27 (6)
      • ►  Dec 26 (16)
      • ►  Dec 25 (15)
      • ►  Dec 24 (11)
      • ►  Dec 23 (14)
      • ►  Dec 22 (7)
      • ►  Dec 21 (11)
      • ►  Dec 20 (9)
      • ►  Dec 19 (12)
      • ►  Dec 18 (8)
      • ►  Dec 17 (13)
      • ►  Dec 16 (16)
      • ►  Dec 15 (14)
      • ►  Dec 14 (9)
      • ►  Dec 13 (12)
      • ►  Dec 12 (11)
      • ►  Dec 11 (7)
      • ►  Dec 10 (8)
      • ►  Dec 09 (8)
      • ►  Dec 08 (14)
      • ►  Dec 07 (16)
      • ►  Dec 06 (12)
      • ►  Dec 05 (14)
      • ►  Dec 04 (8)
      • ►  Dec 03 (10)
      • ►  Dec 02 (3)
      • ►  Dec 01 (18)
    • ►  November (319)
      • ►  Nov 30 (11)
      • ►  Nov 29 (14)
      • ►  Nov 28 (9)
      • ►  Nov 27 (4)
      • ►  Nov 26 (10)
      • ►  Nov 25 (18)
      • ►  Nov 24 (14)
      • ►  Nov 23 (9)
      • ►  Nov 22 (15)
      • ►  Nov 21 (4)
      • ►  Nov 20 (6)
      • ►  Nov 19 (9)
      • ►  Nov 18 (3)
      • ►  Nov 17 (10)
      • ►  Nov 16 (5)
      • ►  Nov 15 (13)
      • ►  Nov 14 (11)
      • ►  Nov 13 (11)
      • ►  Nov 12 (16)
      • ►  Nov 11 (8)
      • ►  Nov 10 (14)
      • ►  Nov 09 (6)
      • ►  Nov 08 (6)
      • ►  Nov 07 (6)
      • ►  Nov 06 (14)
      • ►  Nov 05 (6)
      • ►  Nov 04 (18)
      • ►  Nov 03 (22)
      • ►  Nov 02 (7)
      • ►  Nov 01 (20)
    • ►  October (304)
      • ►  Oct 31 (6)
      • ►  Oct 30 (10)
      • ►  Oct 29 (17)
      • ►  Oct 28 (10)
      • ►  Oct 27 (11)
      • ►  Oct 26 (11)
      • ►  Oct 25 (12)
      • ►  Oct 24 (13)
      • ►  Oct 23 (13)
      • ►  Oct 22 (10)
      • ►  Oct 21 (9)
      • ►  Oct 20 (11)
      • ►  Oct 19 (7)
      • ►  Oct 18 (7)
      • ►  Oct 17 (14)
      • ►  Oct 16 (5)
      • ►  Oct 15 (13)
      • ►  Oct 14 (8)
      • ►  Oct 13 (13)
      • ►  Oct 12 (6)
      • ►  Oct 11 (17)
      • ►  Oct 10 (17)
      • ►  Oct 09 (1)
      • ►  Oct 08 (10)
      • ►  Oct 07 (2)
      • ►  Oct 06 (11)
      • ►  Oct 05 (16)
      • ►  Oct 04 (6)
      • ►  Oct 03 (9)
      • ►  Oct 02 (6)
      • ►  Oct 01 (3)
    • ►  September (324)
      • ►  Sep 30 (5)
      • ►  Sep 29 (8)
      • ►  Sep 28 (9)
      • ►  Sep 27 (9)
      • ►  Sep 26 (11)
      • ►  Sep 25 (13)
      • ►  Sep 24 (16)
      • ►  Sep 23 (7)
      • ►  Sep 22 (18)
      • ►  Sep 21 (8)
      • ►  Sep 20 (8)
      • ►  Sep 19 (8)
      • ►  Sep 18 (11)
      • ►  Sep 17 (6)
      • ►  Sep 16 (9)
      • ►  Sep 15 (13)
      • ►  Sep 14 (7)
      • ►  Sep 13 (13)
      • ►  Sep 12 (4)
      • ►  Sep 11 (14)
      • ►  Sep 10 (12)
      • ►  Sep 09 (9)
      • ►  Sep 08 (14)
      • ►  Sep 07 (11)
      • ►  Sep 06 (13)
      • ►  Sep 05 (17)
      • ►  Sep 04 (12)
      • ►  Sep 03 (17)
      • ►  Sep 02 (10)
      • ►  Sep 01 (12)
    • ►  August (453)
      • ►  Aug 31 (6)
      • ►  Aug 30 (12)
      • ►  Aug 29 (13)
      • ►  Aug 28 (7)
      • ►  Aug 27 (6)
      • ►  Aug 26 (9)
      • ►  Aug 25 (11)
      • ►  Aug 24 (6)
      • ►  Aug 23 (10)
      • ►  Aug 22 (18)
      • ►  Aug 21 (8)
      • ►  Aug 20 (18)
      • ►  Aug 19 (5)
      • ►  Aug 18 (8)
      • ►  Aug 17 (16)
      • ►  Aug 16 (18)
      • ►  Aug 15 (7)
      • ►  Aug 14 (8)
      • ►  Aug 13 (17)
      • ►  Aug 12 (18)
      • ►  Aug 11 (21)
      • ►  Aug 10 (10)
      • ►  Aug 09 (14)
      • ►  Aug 08 (25)
      • ►  Aug 07 (25)
      • ►  Aug 06 (22)
      • ►  Aug 05 (32)
      • ►  Aug 04 (24)
      • ►  Aug 03 (15)
      • ►  Aug 02 (26)
      • ►  Aug 01 (18)
    • ►  July (443)
      • ►  Jul 31 (28)
      • ►  Jul 30 (13)
      • ►  Jul 29 (20)
      • ►  Jul 28 (16)
      • ►  Jul 27 (30)
      • ►  Jul 26 (14)
      • ►  Jul 25 (16)
      • ►  Jul 24 (26)
      • ►  Jul 23 (14)
      • ►  Jul 22 (15)
      • ►  Jul 21 (21)
      • ►  Jul 20 (10)
      • ►  Jul 19 (11)
      • ►  Jul 18 (9)
      • ►  Jul 17 (12)
      • ►  Jul 16 (10)
      • ►  Jul 15 (10)
      • ►  Jul 14 (11)
      • ►  Jul 13 (12)
      • ►  Jul 12 (7)
      • ►  Jul 11 (12)
      • ►  Jul 10 (8)
      • ►  Jul 09 (16)
      • ►  Jul 08 (7)
      • ►  Jul 07 (11)
      • ►  Jul 06 (8)
      • ►  Jul 05 (22)
      • ►  Jul 04 (15)
      • ►  Jul 03 (15)
      • ►  Jul 02 (13)
      • ►  Jul 01 (11)
    • ►  June (335)
      • ►  Jun 30 (18)
      • ►  Jun 29 (16)
      • ►  Jun 28 (27)
      • ►  Jun 27 (8)
      • ►  Jun 26 (9)
      • ►  Jun 25 (15)
      • ►  Jun 24 (6)
      • ►  Jun 23 (12)
      • ►  Jun 22 (8)
      • ►  Jun 21 (6)
      • ►  Jun 20 (8)
      • ►  Jun 19 (15)
      • ►  Jun 18 (7)
      • ►  Jun 17 (7)
      • ►  Jun 16 (16)
      • ►  Jun 15 (9)
      • ►  Jun 14 (10)
      • ►  Jun 13 (14)
      • ►  Jun 12 (9)
      • ►  Jun 11 (20)
      • ►  Jun 10 (16)
      • ►  Jun 09 (10)
      • ►  Jun 08 (9)
      • ►  Jun 07 (9)
      • ►  Jun 06 (6)
      • ►  Jun 05 (9)
      • ►  Jun 04 (9)
      • ►  Jun 03 (6)
      • ►  Jun 02 (9)
      • ►  Jun 01 (12)
    • ►  May (298)
      • ►  May 31 (15)
      • ►  May 30 (10)
      • ►  May 29 (12)
      • ►  May 28 (13)
      • ►  May 27 (12)
      • ►  May 26 (23)
      • ►  May 25 (13)
      • ►  May 24 (7)
      • ►  May 23 (4)
      • ►  May 22 (10)
      • ►  May 21 (7)
      • ►  May 20 (13)
      • ►  May 19 (10)
      • ►  May 18 (10)
      • ►  May 17 (8)
      • ►  May 16 (8)
      • ►  May 15 (12)
      • ►  May 14 (10)
      • ►  May 13 (19)
      • ►  May 12 (7)
      • ►  May 11 (6)
      • ►  May 10 (11)
      • ►  May 09 (7)
      • ►  May 08 (4)
      • ►  May 07 (4)
      • ►  May 06 (12)
      • ►  May 05 (6)
      • ►  May 04 (3)
      • ►  May 03 (7)
      • ►  May 02 (13)
      • ►  May 01 (2)
    • ►  April (36)
      • ►  Apr 30 (3)
      • ►  Apr 29 (11)
      • ►  Apr 28 (2)
      • ►  Apr 27 (2)
      • ►  Apr 26 (4)
      • ►  Apr 23 (1)
      • ►  Apr 22 (3)
      • ►  Apr 21 (1)
      • ►  Apr 20 (4)
      • ►  Apr 16 (1)
      • ►  Apr 14 (1)
      • ►  Apr 08 (1)
      • ►  Apr 07 (2)
    • ►  March (24)
      • ►  Mar 30 (3)
      • ►  Mar 25 (1)
      • ►  Mar 24 (1)
      • ►  Mar 23 (1)
      • ►  Mar 22 (1)
      • ►  Mar 17 (1)
      • ►  Mar 15 (2)
      • ►  Mar 13 (1)
      • ►  Mar 12 (2)
      • ►  Mar 11 (2)
      • ►  Mar 10 (1)
      • ►  Mar 09 (1)
      • ►  Mar 06 (1)
      • ►  Mar 05 (2)
      • ►  Mar 03 (1)
      • ►  Mar 02 (2)
      • ►  Mar 01 (1)
    • ►  February (19)
      • ►  Feb 28 (4)
      • ►  Feb 26 (1)
      • ►  Feb 23 (1)
      • ►  Feb 21 (1)
      • ►  Feb 20 (1)
      • ►  Feb 19 (1)
      • ►  Feb 18 (2)
      • ►  Feb 17 (1)
      • ►  Feb 16 (1)
      • ►  Feb 15 (3)
      • ►  Feb 07 (1)
      • ►  Feb 06 (1)
      • ►  Feb 05 (1)
    • ►  January (12)
      • ►  Jan 28 (3)
      • ►  Jan 26 (5)
      • ►  Jan 24 (2)
      • ►  Jan 07 (1)
      • ►  Jan 05 (1)
  • ►  2017 (105)
    • ►  December (9)
      • ►  Dec 31 (1)
      • ►  Dec 27 (2)
      • ►  Dec 24 (1)
      • ►  Dec 15 (1)
      • ►  Dec 02 (4)
    • ►  November (8)
      • ►  Nov 24 (1)
      • ►  Nov 23 (1)
      • ►  Nov 17 (1)
      • ►  Nov 16 (2)
      • ►  Nov 13 (1)
      • ►  Nov 11 (2)
    • ►  October (1)
      • ►  Oct 09 (1)
    • ►  August (2)
      • ►  Aug 12 (1)
      • ►  Aug 04 (1)
    • ►  July (18)
      • ►  Jul 28 (1)
      • ►  Jul 27 (1)
      • ►  Jul 26 (4)
      • ►  Jul 19 (1)
      • ►  Jul 17 (1)
      • ►  Jul 15 (2)
      • ►  Jul 14 (2)
      • ►  Jul 13 (1)
      • ►  Jul 12 (2)
      • ►  Jul 02 (3)
    • ►  June (9)
      • ►  Jun 25 (1)
      • ►  Jun 18 (1)
      • ►  Jun 16 (1)
      • ►  Jun 14 (2)
      • ►  Jun 08 (1)
      • ►  Jun 05 (2)
      • ►  Jun 04 (1)
    • ►  May (22)
      • ►  May 29 (1)
      • ►  May 20 (2)
      • ►  May 19 (1)
      • ►  May 18 (1)
      • ►  May 17 (1)
      • ►  May 14 (3)
      • ►  May 13 (1)
      • ►  May 09 (1)
      • ►  May 07 (3)
      • ►  May 06 (2)
      • ►  May 05 (1)
      • ►  May 04 (2)
      • ►  May 03 (1)
      • ►  May 02 (1)
      • ►  May 01 (1)
    • ►  April (25)
      • ►  Apr 30 (1)
      • ►  Apr 29 (1)
      • ►  Apr 27 (1)
      • ►  Apr 24 (2)
      • ►  Apr 23 (1)
      • ►  Apr 18 (1)
      • ►  Apr 17 (2)
      • ►  Apr 16 (1)
      • ►  Apr 14 (2)
      • ►  Apr 12 (2)
      • ►  Apr 11 (1)
      • ►  Apr 08 (1)
      • ►  Apr 06 (1)
      • ►  Apr 05 (1)
      • ►  Apr 04 (1)
      • ►  Apr 03 (2)
      • ►  Apr 02 (2)
      • ►  Apr 01 (2)
    • ►  March (11)
      • ►  Mar 31 (2)
      • ►  Mar 30 (2)
      • ►  Mar 28 (1)
      • ►  Mar 27 (3)
      • ►  Mar 25 (2)
      • ►  Mar 11 (1)
  • ►  2016 (31)
    • ►  August (1)
      • ►  Aug 10 (1)
    • ►  March (3)
      • ►  Mar 17 (1)
      • ►  Mar 12 (1)
      • ►  Mar 04 (1)
    • ►  February (11)
      • ►  Feb 29 (1)
      • ►  Feb 24 (1)
      • ►  Feb 22 (1)
      • ►  Feb 21 (2)
      • ►  Feb 11 (1)
      • ►  Feb 09 (2)
      • ►  Feb 03 (1)
      • ►  Feb 02 (1)
      • ►  Feb 01 (1)
    • ►  January (16)
      • ►  Jan 26 (2)
      • ►  Jan 24 (1)
      • ►  Jan 22 (2)
      • ►  Jan 21 (1)
      • ►  Jan 20 (1)
      • ►  Jan 19 (2)
      • ►  Jan 16 (1)
      • ►  Jan 14 (3)
      • ►  Jan 13 (1)
      • ►  Jan 12 (1)
      • ►  Jan 07 (1)
  • ►  2015 (1803)
    • ►  December (9)
      • ►  Dec 31 (1)
      • ►  Dec 26 (1)
      • ►  Dec 25 (1)
      • ►  Dec 23 (1)
      • ►  Dec 22 (2)
      • ►  Dec 19 (1)
      • ►  Dec 01 (2)
    • ►  November (11)
      • ►  Nov 28 (2)
      • ►  Nov 13 (1)
      • ►  Nov 11 (1)
      • ►  Nov 09 (3)
      • ►  Nov 07 (1)
      • ►  Nov 05 (1)
      • ►  Nov 03 (1)
      • ►  Nov 02 (1)
    • ►  October (31)
      • ►  Oct 31 (1)
      • ►  Oct 30 (2)
      • ►  Oct 29 (1)
      • ►  Oct 28 (3)
      • ►  Oct 26 (1)
      • ►  Oct 24 (1)
      • ►  Oct 22 (1)
      • ►  Oct 21 (1)
      • ►  Oct 19 (1)
      • ►  Oct 17 (1)
      • ►  Oct 16 (1)
      • ►  Oct 15 (1)
      • ►  Oct 14 (1)
      • ►  Oct 11 (2)
      • ►  Oct 09 (4)
      • ►  Oct 08 (1)
      • ►  Oct 07 (6)
      • ►  Oct 06 (1)
      • ►  Oct 02 (1)
    • ►  September (34)
      • ►  Sep 29 (4)
      • ►  Sep 28 (2)
      • ►  Sep 27 (2)
      • ►  Sep 26 (3)
      • ►  Sep 25 (1)
      • ►  Sep 24 (1)
      • ►  Sep 23 (2)
      • ►  Sep 22 (4)
      • ►  Sep 21 (6)
      • ►  Sep 14 (1)
      • ►  Sep 13 (1)
      • ►  Sep 12 (1)
      • ►  Sep 11 (1)
      • ►  Sep 09 (2)
      • ►  Sep 08 (1)
      • ►  Sep 05 (1)
      • ►  Sep 04 (1)
    • ►  August (6)
      • ►  Aug 22 (1)
      • ►  Aug 20 (1)
      • ►  Aug 08 (1)
      • ►  Aug 07 (2)
      • ►  Aug 06 (1)
    • ►  July (29)
      • ►  Jul 21 (1)
      • ►  Jul 18 (1)
      • ►  Jul 15 (1)
      • ►  Jul 14 (3)
      • ►  Jul 13 (1)
      • ►  Jul 12 (1)
      • ►  Jul 10 (2)
      • ►  Jul 09 (1)
      • ►  Jul 08 (1)
      • ►  Jul 06 (4)
      • ►  Jul 05 (3)
      • ►  Jul 04 (1)
      • ►  Jul 03 (6)
      • ►  Jul 02 (1)
      • ►  Jul 01 (2)
    • ►  June (9)
      • ►  Jun 28 (2)
      • ►  Jun 24 (2)
      • ►  Jun 22 (1)
      • ►  Jun 18 (1)
      • ►  Jun 17 (1)
      • ►  Jun 02 (2)
    • ►  May (141)
      • ►  May 31 (3)
      • ►  May 30 (7)
      • ►  May 29 (8)
      • ►  May 28 (4)
      • ►  May 27 (4)
      • ►  May 26 (5)
      • ►  May 25 (1)
      • ►  May 24 (4)
      • ►  May 23 (8)
      • ►  May 22 (6)
      • ►  May 21 (4)
      • ►  May 20 (4)
      • ►  May 19 (7)
      • ►  May 18 (3)
      • ►  May 17 (2)
      • ►  May 16 (7)
      • ►  May 15 (10)
      • ►  May 14 (7)
      • ►  May 13 (5)
      • ►  May 12 (2)
      • ►  May 11 (2)
      • ►  May 10 (4)
      • ►  May 09 (3)
      • ►  May 08 (3)
      • ►  May 07 (5)
      • ►  May 06 (4)
      • ►  May 05 (4)
      • ►  May 04 (2)
      • ►  May 03 (3)
      • ►  May 02 (4)
      • ►  May 01 (6)
    • ►  April (150)
      • ►  Apr 29 (4)
      • ►  Apr 28 (5)
      • ►  Apr 24 (3)
      • ►  Apr 22 (1)
      • ►  Apr 19 (3)
      • ►  Apr 17 (2)
      • ►  Apr 16 (2)
      • ►  Apr 15 (1)
      • ►  Apr 14 (1)
      • ►  Apr 12 (3)
      • ►  Apr 10 (13)
      • ►  Apr 09 (18)
      • ►  Apr 08 (8)
      • ►  Apr 07 (15)
      • ►  Apr 06 (13)
      • ►  Apr 05 (17)
      • ►  Apr 04 (9)
      • ►  Apr 03 (4)
      • ►  Apr 02 (14)
      • ►  Apr 01 (14)
    • ►  March (609)
      • ►  Mar 31 (29)
      • ►  Mar 30 (24)
      • ►  Mar 29 (18)
      • ►  Mar 28 (15)
      • ►  Mar 27 (7)
      • ►  Mar 26 (14)
      • ►  Mar 25 (6)
      • ►  Mar 23 (11)
      • ►  Mar 22 (22)
      • ►  Mar 21 (29)
      • ►  Mar 20 (41)
      • ►  Mar 19 (34)
      • ►  Mar 18 (34)
      • ►  Mar 17 (41)
      • ►  Mar 16 (31)
      • ►  Mar 15 (1)
      • ►  Mar 14 (3)
      • ►  Mar 13 (17)
      • ►  Mar 12 (12)
      • ►  Mar 11 (12)
      • ►  Mar 10 (19)
      • ►  Mar 09 (25)
      • ►  Mar 08 (20)
      • ►  Mar 07 (17)
      • ►  Mar 06 (20)
      • ►  Mar 05 (19)
      • ►  Mar 04 (30)
      • ►  Mar 03 (5)
      • ►  Mar 02 (18)
      • ►  Mar 01 (35)
    • ►  February (652)
      • ►  Feb 28 (19)
      • ►  Feb 27 (19)
      • ►  Feb 26 (28)
      • ►  Feb 25 (18)
      • ►  Feb 24 (8)
      • ►  Feb 23 (26)
      • ►  Feb 22 (15)
      • ►  Feb 21 (40)
      • ►  Feb 20 (24)
      • ►  Feb 19 (40)
      • ►  Feb 18 (38)
      • ►  Feb 17 (39)
      • ►  Feb 16 (53)
      • ►  Feb 15 (28)
      • ►  Feb 14 (31)
      • ►  Feb 13 (14)
      • ►  Feb 12 (26)
      • ►  Feb 11 (18)
      • ►  Feb 10 (32)
      • ►  Feb 09 (15)
      • ►  Feb 08 (7)
      • ►  Feb 07 (24)
      • ►  Feb 06 (15)
      • ►  Feb 05 (16)
      • ►  Feb 04 (21)
      • ►  Feb 03 (9)
      • ►  Feb 02 (23)
      • ►  Feb 01 (6)
    • ►  January (122)
      • ►  Jan 31 (10)
      • ►  Jan 30 (21)
      • ►  Jan 29 (4)
      • ►  Jan 28 (5)
      • ►  Jan 27 (9)
      • ►  Jan 26 (3)
      • ►  Jan 25 (6)
      • ►  Jan 24 (9)
      • ►  Jan 23 (5)
      • ►  Jan 22 (4)
      • ►  Jan 21 (3)
      • ►  Jan 20 (1)
      • ►  Jan 17 (1)
      • ►  Jan 16 (2)
      • ►  Jan 15 (2)
      • ►  Jan 14 (2)
      • ►  Jan 13 (8)
      • ►  Jan 12 (4)
      • ►  Jan 11 (4)
      • ►  Jan 10 (2)
      • ►  Jan 09 (6)
      • ►  Jan 08 (6)
      • ►  Jan 07 (5)
  • ►  2014 (1062)
    • ►  November (6)
      • ►  Nov 26 (2)
      • ►  Nov 25 (3)
      • ►  Nov 24 (1)
    • ►  October (10)
      • ►  Oct 23 (2)
      • ►  Oct 16 (3)
      • ►  Oct 12 (4)
      • ►  Oct 06 (1)
    • ►  September (270)
      • ►  Sep 21 (34)
      • ►  Sep 20 (15)
      • ►  Sep 17 (9)
      • ►  Sep 13 (10)
      • ►  Sep 12 (33)
      • ►  Sep 11 (30)
      • ►  Sep 10 (1)
      • ►  Sep 09 (14)
      • ►  Sep 08 (23)
      • ►  Sep 07 (5)
      • ►  Sep 06 (19)
      • ►  Sep 05 (18)
      • ►  Sep 04 (24)
      • ►  Sep 03 (18)
      • ►  Sep 02 (10)
      • ►  Sep 01 (7)
    • ►  August (497)
      • ►  Aug 31 (15)
      • ►  Aug 30 (20)
      • ►  Aug 28 (1)
      • ►  Aug 25 (10)
      • ►  Aug 24 (26)
      • ►  Aug 23 (23)
      • ►  Aug 22 (14)
      • ►  Aug 21 (22)
      • ►  Aug 20 (21)
      • ►  Aug 19 (18)
      • ►  Aug 18 (66)
      • ►  Aug 17 (21)
      • ►  Aug 16 (16)
      • ►  Aug 15 (34)
      • ►  Aug 14 (25)
      • ►  Aug 13 (12)
      • ►  Aug 11 (7)
      • ►  Aug 10 (18)
      • ►  Aug 09 (13)
      • ►  Aug 08 (13)
      • ►  Aug 07 (26)
      • ►  Aug 06 (21)
      • ►  Aug 05 (7)
      • ►  Aug 04 (15)
      • ►  Aug 03 (20)
      • ►  Aug 02 (5)
      • ►  Aug 01 (8)
    • ►  July (85)
      • ►  Jul 31 (5)
      • ►  Jul 30 (26)
      • ►  Jul 29 (21)
      • ►  Jul 28 (33)
    • ►  March (3)
      • ►  Mar 25 (1)
      • ►  Mar 12 (1)
      • ►  Mar 09 (1)
    • ►  February (23)
      • ►  Feb 14 (1)
      • ►  Feb 06 (2)
      • ►  Feb 04 (4)
      • ►  Feb 03 (1)
      • ►  Feb 02 (6)
      • ►  Feb 01 (9)
    • ►  January (168)
      • ►  Jan 31 (10)
      • ►  Jan 30 (6)
      • ►  Jan 29 (4)
      • ►  Jan 27 (6)
      • ►  Jan 26 (1)
      • ►  Jan 25 (7)
      • ►  Jan 24 (13)
      • ►  Jan 23 (11)
      • ►  Jan 22 (3)
      • ►  Jan 21 (6)
      • ►  Jan 20 (3)
      • ►  Jan 19 (8)
      • ►  Jan 18 (7)
      • ►  Jan 17 (7)
      • ►  Jan 16 (13)
      • ►  Jan 15 (1)
      • ►  Jan 12 (1)
      • ►  Jan 11 (1)
      • ►  Jan 09 (3)
      • ►  Jan 08 (6)
      • ►  Jan 07 (7)
      • ►  Jan 06 (14)
      • ►  Jan 05 (10)
      • ►  Jan 04 (2)
      • ►  Jan 02 (6)
      • ►  Jan 01 (12)
  • ►  2013 (210)
    • ►  December (199)
      • ►  Dec 30 (5)
      • ►  Dec 29 (8)
      • ►  Dec 28 (6)
      • ►  Dec 27 (11)
      • ►  Dec 26 (9)
      • ►  Dec 25 (7)
      • ►  Dec 24 (15)
      • ►  Dec 23 (13)
      • ►  Dec 22 (3)
      • ►  Dec 21 (9)
      • ►  Dec 20 (10)
      • ►  Dec 19 (7)
      • ►  Dec 18 (4)
      • ►  Dec 17 (7)
      • ►  Dec 16 (6)
      • ►  Dec 15 (5)
      • ►  Dec 14 (3)
      • ►  Dec 13 (5)
      • ►  Dec 12 (2)
      • ►  Dec 11 (4)
      • ►  Dec 10 (9)
      • ►  Dec 09 (11)
      • ►  Dec 08 (11)
      • ►  Dec 07 (14)
      • ►  Dec 06 (3)
      • ►  Dec 05 (3)
      • ►  Dec 04 (6)
      • ►  Dec 03 (1)
      • ►  Dec 02 (2)
    • ►  September (2)
      • ►  Sep 25 (2)
    • ►  April (1)
      • ►  Apr 30 (1)
    • ►  January (8)
      • ►  Jan 22 (1)
      • ►  Jan 20 (4)
      • ►  Jan 16 (1)
      • ►  Jan 15 (1)
      • ►  Jan 14 (1)
  • ►  2012 (2)
    • ►  December (1)
      • ►  Dec 21 (1)
    • ►  January (1)
      • ►  Jan 11 (1)
  • ►  2011 (26)
    • ►  December (25)
      • ►  Dec 22 (1)
      • ►  Dec 17 (3)
      • ►  Dec 16 (2)
      • ►  Dec 15 (1)
      • ►  Dec 14 (1)
      • ►  Dec 13 (2)
      • ►  Dec 12 (1)
      • ►  Dec 11 (1)
      • ►  Dec 10 (1)
      • ►  Dec 07 (4)
      • ►  Dec 06 (2)
      • ►  Dec 04 (1)
      • ►  Dec 03 (2)
      • ►  Dec 02 (3)
    • ►  November (1)
      • ►  Nov 19 (1)
  • ►  2010 (2)
    • ►  September (1)
      • ►  Sep 11 (1)
    • ►  January (1)
      • ►  Jan 16 (1)
  • ►  2008 (1)
    • ►  April (1)
      • ►  Apr 05 (1)

Labels

  • Estradiol

Report Abuse

Followers

Total Pageviews

Translate

Simple theme. Theme images by merrymoonmary. Powered by Blogger.