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Venus The Venusian symbol, a circle with a small equal-armed cross beneath it
Venus-real color.jpg
A real-colour image taken by Mariner 10 processed from two filters. The surface is obscured by thick sulfuric acid clouds.
Designations
Pronunciation/ˈvnəs/
AdjectivesVenusian or (rarely) Cytherean, Venerean
Orbital characteristics[2][4]
Epoch J2000
Aphelion
  • 0.728213 AU
  • 108,939,000 km
Perihelion
  • 0.718440 AU
  • 107,477,000 km
  • 0.723332 AU
  • 108,208,000 km
Eccentricity0.006772
583.92 days
Average orbital speed
35.02 km/s
50.115°
Inclination
76.680°
54.884°
SatellitesNone
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
  • 6,051.8±1.0 km
  • 0.9499 Earths
Flattening0
  • 4.6023×108 km2
  • 0.902 Earths
Volume
  • 9.2843×1011 km3
  • 0.866 Earths
Mass
  • 4.8675×1024 kg
  • 0.815 Earths
Mean density
5.243 g/cm3
  • 8.87 m/s2
  • 0.904 g
10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s)
Sidereal rotation period
−243.025 d (retrograde)
Equatorial rotation velocity
6.52 km/h (1.81 m/s)
2.64° (for retrograde rotation)
177.36° (to orbit)
North pole right ascension
  • 18h 11m 2s
  • 272.76°
North pole declination
67.16°
Albedo
Surface temp. min mean max
Kelvin
737 K
Celsius
462 °C
−4.92 to −2.98
9.7″–66.0″
Atmosphere
Surface pressure
92 bar (9.2 MPa)
Composition by volume