Guacamole with tortilla chips
| |
| Alternative names | Guac |
|---|---|
| Type | Mexican food |
| Place of origin | Mexico |
| Main ingredients | Avocados, sea salt, lime juice |
| Variations | Mantequilla de pobre Guasacaca |
listen), see below for more; informally shortened to guac in the United States[1] since the 1980s) is an avocado-based dip, spread, or salad first developed in Mexico. In addition to its use in modern Mexican cuisine, it has become part of international and American cuisine as a dip, condiment and salad ingredient.
Etymology and pronunciation
Guacamole with tortilla chips
The name comes from Classical Nahuatl āhuacamōlli [aːwakaˈmoːlːi], which literally translates to 'avocado sauce', from āhuacatl [aːˈwakat͡ɬ] 'avocado' + mōlli [ˈmoːlːi] 'sauce'. In Mexican Spanish, it is pronounced [wakaˈmole], in American English, it tends to be pronounced /ˌɡwɑːkəˈmoʊliː/, and in British English, /ˌɡwɑːkəˈmoʊleɪ/.
History
Avocados were first cultivated in South Central Mexico around 10,000 years ago. In the early 1900s, avocados frequently went by the name alligator pear.
Guacamole has increased avocado sales in the U.S., especially on Super Bowl Sunday and Cinco de Mayo.
The rising consumption of guacamole is most likely due to the U.S.
government lifting a ban on avocado imports in the 1990s and the growth
of the U.S. Latino population.
Ingredients
Guacamole dip is traditionally made by mashing ripe avocados and sea salt with a molcajete y tejolote (mortar and pestle). Recipes often call for lime juice, cilantro, and jalapeños. Some non-traditional recipes may call for sour cream, tomatoes, basil, or peas.
Due to the presence of polyphenol oxidase in the cells of avocado, exposure to oxygen in the air causes an enzymatic reaction and develops melanoidin pigment, turning the sauce brown.
This result is generally considered unappetizing, and there are several
methods (some anecdotal) that are used to counter this effect, such as
storing the guacamole in an air-tight container or wrapping tightly in
plastic to limit the surface area exposed to the air.
Composition and nutrients
| Nutritional value per 100 g | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 670 kJ (160 kcal) |
8.53 g
| |
| Starch | 0.11 g |
| Sugars | 0.66 g
0
|
| Dietary fiber | 6.7 g |
14.66 g
| |
| Saturated | 2.126 g |
| Trans | 0 |
| Monounsaturated | 9.8 g |
| Polyunsaturated | 1.816 g |
2.00 g
| |
| Vitamins | Quantity %DV† |
| Vitamin A equiv. |
1%
7 μg
1%
62 μg
271 μg
|
| Vitamin A | 146 IU |
| Thiamine (B1) |
6%
0.067 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
11%
0.130 mg |
| Niacin (B3) |
12%
1.738 mg |
| Pantothenic acid (B5) |
28%
1.389 mg |
| Vitamin B6 |
20%
0.257 mg |
| Folate (B9) |
20%
81 μg |
| Choline |
3%
14.2 mg |
| Vitamin C |
12%
10.0 mg |
| Vitamin E |
14%
2.07 mg |
| Vitamin K |
20%
21 μg |
| Minerals | Quantity %DV† |
| Calcium |
1%
12 mg |
| Iron |
4%
0.55 mg |
| Magnesium |
8%
29 mg |
| Phosphorus |
7%
52 mg |
| Potassium |
10%
485 mg |
| Sodium |
0%
7 mg |
| Zinc |
7%
0.64 mg |
| Other constituents | Quantity |
| Water | 73.23 |
| |
| †Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database | |
As the major ingredient of guacamole is raw avocado, the nutritional
value of the dish derives from avocado vitamins, minerals and fats,
providing dietary fiber, several B vitamins, vitamin K, vitamin E and potassium in significant content. Avocados are a source of saturated fat, monounsaturated fat and phytosterols, such as beta-sitosterol. They also contain carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, zeaxanthin and lutein.
Similar foods
Mantequilla de pobre
Mantequilla de pobre (Spanish for '"poor-man's butter"') is a mixture of avocado, tomato, oil, and citrus juice. Despite its name, it predates the arrival of dairy cattle in the Americas, and thus was not originally made as a butter substitute.
Guasacaca
Thinner and more acidic, or thick and chunky, guasacaca is a Venezuelan avocado-based sauce; it is made with vinegar, and is served over parrillas (grilled food), arepas, empanadas, and various other dishes. It is common to make the guasacaca with a little hot sauce instead of jalapeño, but like a guacamole, it is not usually served as a hot sauce itself. Pronounced "wasakaka" in Latin America.
Guasacaca in a mason jar
Commercial products
Prepared guacamoles are available in stores, often available refrigerated, frozen or in high pressure packaging which pasteurizes and extends shelf life if products are maintained at 1 to 4 °C (34 to 40 °F).
Holiday
National Guacamole Day is celebrated on the same day as Mexican Independence Day, September 16.
In popular culture
On April 6, 2018, Junta Local de Sanidad Vegetal de Tancítaro, Mexico, achieved the Guinness World Records for the largest serving of guacamole. They created it as part of Tancítaro's 7th Annual Avocado Festival in Tancítaro, Michoacán, Mexico. The serving weighed 3,788 kg (8,351 lb) and had more than 350 people help prepare it.
