 | |
| Founded | 1970 |
|---|---|
| Founder | Keith Stroup, Esq. |
| Focus | Legalization or decriminalization of marijuana in the United States |
| Location |
|
Area served
| United States |
Key people
| Erik Altieri, Executive Director, Keith Stroup, Norm Kent, Paul Armentano, Justin Strekal, Political Director |
| Website | Norml.org |
The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML /ˈnɔːrməl/ (
listen))
is an American non-profit organization based in Washington, DC whose
aim is to move public opinion sufficiently to achieve the legalization of non-medical marijuana in the United States so that the responsible use of cannabis
by adults is no longer subject to penalty. According to their website,
NORML "supports the removal of all criminal penalties for the private
possession and responsible use of marijuana by adults, including the
cultivation for personal use, and the casual nonprofit transfers of
small amounts", and "supports the development of a legally controlled
market for cannabis". NORML and the NORML Foundation
support both those fighting prosecution under marijuana laws and those
working to legalize marijuana. Similar affiliated organizations operate
under the NORML banner in other countries, among them NORML New Zealand, NORML Ireland, NORML Canada, NORML UK, NORML South Africa and NORML France.
In the 2006 United States midterm elections,
NORML promoted several successful local initiatives that declared
marijuana enforcement to be the lowest priority for local law
enforcement, freeing up police resources to combat violent and serious
crime.
History
NORML was founded in 1970 by Keith Stroup funded by $5,000 from the Playboy Foundation.
Since then, the organization has played a central role in the cannabis
decriminalization movement. At the start of the 1970s, the premier
decriminalization organizations were Legalize Marijuana, better known as
LeMar, and Amorphia, the two of which merged in 1971. The next year, Amorphia led the unsuccessful campaign for California's marijuana legalization initiative, Proposition 19. In 1974, Amorphia merged with NORML.
By the middle of the 1970s, Playboy owner Hugh Hefner's
financial support through the Playboy Foundation set NORML apart from
its predecessors, making it the premier decriminalization advocacy
group. At one point, Hefner was donating $100,000 a year to NORML.
The organization has a large grassroots network with 135 chapters and over 550 lawyers. NORML holds annual conferences and Continuing Legal Education (CLE)-accredited seminars. Its board of directors has, at times, included such prominent political figures as Senators Philip Hart, Jacob K. Javits, and Ross Mirkarimi.
In 1989, Donald Fiedler succeeded Jon Gettman as the executive director of NORML. In August 1992, Richard Cowan
became executive director of NORML. Keith Stroup became executive
director once again in 1995 after Cowan stepped down. In 2016, Erik
Altieri was selected by the NORML Board of Directors to become the
organization's 7th Executive Director.
NORML Foundation
The
NORML Foundation, the organization's tax-exempt unit, conducts
educational and research activities. Examples of the NORML Foundation's
advocacy work is a detailed 2006 report, Emerging Clinical Applications For Cannabis. A comprehensive report with county-by-county marijuana arrest data, Crimes of Indiscretion: Marijuana Arrest in America, was published in 2005.
In October 1998, NORML Foundation published the NORML Report on U.S. Domestic Marijuana Production
that was widely cited in the mainstream media. The report methodically
estimated the value and number of cannabis plants grown in 1997, finding
that Drug Enforcement Administration,
state and local law enforcement agencies seized 32% of domestic
cannabis plants planted that year. According to the report, "Marijuana
remains the fourth largest cash crop in America despite law enforcement
spending an estimated $10 billion annually to pursue efforts to outlaw
the plant." Recent studies show that marijuana is larger than all other cash crops combined.
In 2002, the organization used ads containing New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg
quotes on his past use of pot, saying "You bet I did. And I enjoyed
it." The mayor said "I’m not thrilled they’re using my name. I suppose
there’s that First Amendment that gets in the way of me stopping it,"
but maintained that the NYPD will continue to vigorously enforce the laws.
Media and activism
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Signs advertising NORML at the Twin Cities Pride Parade in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 2013
As an advocacy group, NORML has been active in spreading its message to the public.
In early 2009, a petition to President Barack Obama was written asking that he appoint a "Drug Czar" who will treat drug abuse as a health issue rather than a criminal issue and will move away from a "War on Drugs" paradigm. NORML's goal for this petition was 100,000 signatures.
Also in early 2009, when the Kellogg Company dropped its contract with Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps after pictures of him using a bong surfaced in the media, head members of NORML began boycotting
Kellogg products and urging all members and supporters of NORML to
boycott Kellogg, until the company reversed the decision. NORML also
suggested that supporters of the cause send emails or letters to Kellogg
explaining the boycott and the reasons behind it, even providing a
template for emails and letters. Although Kellogg's profits did not
suffer in the first quarter of 2009, consumer ratings polls at Vanno
have been cited as indicating that Kellogg's reputation has suffered.
Specifically, a small poll of Kellogg's brand reputation at Vanno showed
a drop from its previous rank of 9 to 83 after Kellogg decided not to
renew its contract with Michael Phelps.
On February 15, 2010, a 15-second Flash animation from NORML
discussing the potential economic and financial benefit of legalized
marijuana was deemed by CBS to be "too political" to display on
billboards in New York City's Times Square. This drew criticism in the
blogosphere and accusations of hypocrisy on Twitter, since CBS had
recently aired an anti-abortion television spot during the 2010 Super
Bowl. CBS reversed its decision and the ad was debuted on the CBS Times Square Superscreen on April 20, 2010.
State and local chapters
International branches
- NORML New Zealand
- NORML UK
- NORML France
- Otago NORML
- NORML South Africa
